Background: Sensorimotor dysfunction such as muscle weakness, impaired sensation, changes in muscle tone, reduced movement control are common in stroke patients. Locomotion function requires continuous afferent sensory input. Impairment of sensory function can hinder the ability to recruit muscles during walking. Patients generally walk slowly, cadence, step and stride length are shorter and the double phase of support increases. Goal: Analyzing the correlation between the propioceptive function of the knee joint and walking speed in post-stroke patients, who are treated at the PMR Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. Methode: An observational analytic cross sectional study, nine subjects measured walking speed (10MWT), joint position sense (JPS) and threshold to detetction of passive motion (TTDPM) of the knee joint, in the period March -November 2020.. Results: There is a moderate correlation between 10MWT and JPS 15 0 on the non-paretic side (r 0.676; p=0.045) and JPS 30 0 on the paretic side (r 0.668; p=0.049). And there is a strong correlation between 10MWT and JPS 60 0 on the paretic side (r 0.824; p=0.006). However, there is no significant correlation between 10MWT and TTDPM. Conclusion:There is correlation between the propioceptive function of the knee joint and the walking speed of post-stroke patients. The smaller the percentage of joint position error, the stronger the correlation with walking speed.

Weight-bearing Exercise for Better Balance (WEBB) is an exercise method to improve balance and leg muscle strength. It was previously shown that WEBB has a significant effect on balance and lower extremity muscle strength, however, there is no scientific evidence of the WEBB program’s effect on muscle activation. This study examines the effect of the Weight-Bearing Exercise for Better Balance (WEBB) program by telerehabilitation on the activation of the Tibialis anterior (TA) and Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles in obese men. To the best authors’ knowledge, this research is the first study conducted to provide a WEBB program intervention by telerehabilitation. 10 healthy men with grade 2 obesity (BMI≥30 kg/cm2) participated in this study and received a telerehabilitation WEBB program intervention for 8 weeks. GM and TA muscle activation are assessed by looking at the amplitude value and amplitude normalization of the muscle Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (%MVIC) when performing closed eyes One Leg Stance (OLS) test through recording with sEMG examination. This study found that there was a significant effect on the amplitude value of the right GM (p=0,040) and %MVIC of the left TA (p=0,037) muscles after 8 weeks WEBB program by telerehabilitation.

Background: Estrogen deficiency condition can degrade the quality of life, decline in cognitive function will be more severe trough age. Phytoestrogen compounds can be found in pegaga leaf extract, tomatoes, and papaya is an easy and inexpensive way to increase estrogen levels in post menopause women through extra gonadal estrogen induction. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the effect of tomato juice, physical exercise, and combination of these treatments on promoting neurons and ERβ expression in somatosensory cortex that contribute to cognitive function of post-ovariectomy rats. Method: Twenty-eight female healthy Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus), 8-10 weeks old, from Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University include in this experiment. The animals were housed in the animal-care facility with ad libitum food and water. The temperatur was maintained at 18°C-24°C. The treatments were done 2 weeks after ovariectomy. Tomato were made in Laboratory of Pharmacognocy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, from inner part of the tomato fruits (mucous like substance) with freeze dry method (-40°C). Results:The weight of white rat Rattus norvegicus post ovariectomy in this study was between 133-170 gram with a mean weight 154.32 ± 9.72 gram. Hematoxylin/eosin staining showed neuronal deficit in the control rats brain. In figure 1, the tomato group showed the largest of neurons number (145.43 ± 17.728), followed the combination group (140.57 ± 22.449), the exercise group (136.86 ± 23.104) and the smallest number in the control group (96.43± 28.965). Four weeks after treatments the number of neurons increased significant in the tomato group (p=0.001), exercise group (p=0.004) and combination group (p=0.002) from the control group. This study showed no significant different between tomato and exercise group (p=0.500), tomato and combination group (p=0.701) and between exercise and combination group (p=0.769). Conclusions:In conclusion, our data demonstrated that post ovariectomy rats showed deficit numbers of neurons and decreased ERβ in the somatosensory cortex. Treatment with physical exercise, tomato juice, and combination of these treatments increased the number of neurons and ERβ expression in the somatosensory cortex.

Background: Stroke may disrupt a patient’s motor function, consequently affecting the quality of life. A stroke surviving brain has the ability to repair itself through neuroplasticity mechanism. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive device which can be used to stimulate the lesioned part of the brain in hope of triggering neuroplasticity.Aims: To find prove of the repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) effect on extensor digitorum communis muscle strength improvement in ischemic stroke patients.Methods: Subjects suitable with the inclusion criteria (N=18) were divided into two groups,  control group and intervention group. The control group underwent conventional therapy exclusively every day for 5 days in a row, while the intervention group underwent rTMS therapy and conventional therapy every day for 5 days in a row. Extensor digitorum communis muscle strength was measured using surface electromyography (sEMG) before and after treatment.Result: Significant increase of sEMG numbers were found on control group (p=0,003) and intervention group (p=0,001). The increase from the intervention group was not different when compared to the control group (p=0,067).Conclusion: TMS can increase extensor digitorum communis muscle strength but with no difference with a conventional therapy.

Background: As the prevalence is rising worldwide, overweight and obesity has become a major public health issue. Overweight and obese individuals had excess energy accumulation in the form of adipocyte tissue. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is proposed as an exercise therapy option in weight reduction. Irisin, a myokine released after exercise, was thought to play a major role in weight reduction by browning adipocyte tissue. Therefore, this study aims to see how HIIT with changes in inclination affects irisin serum levels in overweight and obese men. Methods: A randomized-controlled trial was conducted in rehabilitation outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. Twenty-two subjects with overweight or obesity who meet research criteria were randomly allocated into intervention and control group. Intervention group received HIIT using treadmill (HR rest + 80-90% HR reserve) with inclination changes for 30 minutes (preceded by warming up and ending with cooling, 5 minutes each), 3 times a week, for 4 weeks. Control group received no intervention. Measurement of irisin serum levels in the intervention group was carried out before exercise, 30 minutes after first exercise, 30 minutes after last exercise, and one day after 4 weeks of exercise, while in the control group was carried out before and on one day after 4 weeks. Results: No differences of body height, body weight, BMI, and VO2Max between groups (p<0.05). Subjects in control group are older than intervention group (34.82±3.09 vs 30.36±2.58, p = 0.002). Irisin serum levels was reduced 30 minutes after the first exercise (p = 0.017) and after 4-weeks exercise program (p = 0.006). Between groups comparison showed no difference in changes in irisin serum levels after 4 weeks between the two groups (p = 0.182), however glass delta mean effect size shows medium result (Glass's delta = 0.50). Conclusion: A significant reduction in irisin serum level may be correlated with reduction of adipose tissues and improvement of homeostasis after HIIT. High intensity interval training can be proposed as an exercise therapy option to support weight reduction in men with overweight and obesity. It is necessary to do further research on HIIT with a larger number of samples, longer time, group training and combined with other exercise such as resistance and flexibility exercises.