Increasing corn production is usually done by increasing the planting area (including intercropping) and applying technology. The technology applied to increase productivity is integrated crop management and the application of climate change adaptation and mitigation. One of the technology components is the management of organic fertilizers with the use of biodecomposers in the area of land to be planted. One of the biodecomposers is Agrodeco™ from the Agricultural Research and Development Agency. Agrodeko is a consortium biodecomposer from Trichoderma fungal strains, N-fixing in the form of non-pathogenic yeast and Candida sp which grows fast and is able to produce enzymes needed to decompose plant tissue. While the varieties grown in a development area can be used composite corn. The activity was carried out in Jeron Village from June to October 2017. Planting area for activities is around 4000 m2. There were 3 (three) treatments applied, namely cropping patterns (monoculture and intercropping), corn varieties (Srikandi Kuning and Provit A) and fertilizer doses (farmer's dose and recommended dose (with Agrodeco™ application)). In monoculture cropping system, yields were not significantly different between Srikandi Kuning and Provit A, but the productivity of Provit A (3.8 tons/ha) was higher than Srikandi Kuning (3.4 tons/ha). In the intercropping system, the productivity of Provit A corn at the farmer dose treatment (1.2 tons/ha) was significantly different from the recommended fertilizer dose treatment (2.2 tons/ha.
The development of maize in shade areas is one of the efforts to increase the national maize production.The study objective was to determine the growth and yield adaptation of hybrid maize in shaded areas. The study was conducted in the sengon forest area of Kalices Village, Patehan District, Kendal Regency from March to September 2020. The study was designed using a randomized block design with split-split plots with treatments including: a) shade density (0%, 20% and 40%) as the main plot; b) cultivation technology (PTT and existing farmers) as sub-plots; and c) varieties (JH 37, Nasa 29 and Bisi 18) as sub-plots. Each treatment was replicated 3 times in order to obtain 18 treatment combinations and each replication was planted in a plot with a size of 350 m2. The parameters observed included the percentage of plants growing, plant height at harvest, age 50% male flowers, age 50% female flowers, cob height, cob length, cob weight, cob diameter, number of rows per cob, number of seeds per row, weight of dry seeds, seed moisture content, yield per plot and yield per hectare. The data were processed by analysis of variance and if there is a significant difference, it was further tested with DMRT at the 5% level. The results showed that the shading had a very significant effect on most of the yield components, namely cob length, number of seed rows per cob, wet and dry shell weight per 10 cobs, wet stubble weight per 10 plants, wet stubble weight, and dry shell weight. However, there is no significant effect on the growth components of growth power, cob circumference and cob position. The growth and yield adaptation of maize was better at 20% shade density compared to 40% shade density. On land with a shade density of 20%, the highest productivity was obtained in the Bisi 18 of 5.9 t/ha with a potential yield of 62.7%, followed by Nasa 29 of 5.8 t/ha with a potential yield of 58.41%, and JH 37 as much as 5.2 t/ha with a potential yield of 25%.
Climate change will have a negative impact on water resources, agriculture, forestry, health and the vulnerability of public infrastructure and the extinction of various species. Water sources as the main means of agriculture, especially rice fields are the main thing in irrigation. Water sources for irrigation of paddy fields in Boyolali include weirs, trenches, springs that are collected in the form of ponds and a small part is a reservoir. Within 2 years after operation, the use of ponds of water for irrigation was able to accelerate yield increases. With various models of water sources, the cropping patterns include paddy-paddy-paddy, paddy-paddy-palawija (crop planted as 2nd crop in dry season), paddy-palawija-palawija and paddy-palawija-fallow. Water management arrangements in each area that use irrigation channels have an Association of Farmers Using Water who is tasked with making a schedule for the distribution of irrigation between blocks, especially if there is water scarcity such as during the dry season. Types of activities that are usually coordinated by farmer groups are pest control, channel maintenance, and irrigation arrangements. For channel maintenance, usually coordinating with the officers of association of water user farmer and development coordinators in their respective villages.
<p>Farmer’s collective participation in climate anomaly anticipating and managing its impacts are more significant. The study purposed to identify the climate anomaly impact and its anticipation in farmer’s level. The study is conducted in eight districts, i.e., Temanggung, Magelang, Kebumen, Brebes, Kendal, Grobogan, Pati, and Sragen, on July – October 2005. The analysis based on interview of 84 respondents that consist of farmers and officers of local agricultural services. According to the farmers, El Nino affected their farming activities like longer dry season, decreased yield, delay of onset planting season, increased costs for irrigation, seed, pesticides, and cost of land preparation. In farmers’ level, climate anomaly impacts was managed by planting schedules improvement, changing varieties or commodities, and looking for alternative sources of waters. Farmers determine the actions by considering collective decision and the guidance of agriculture extension workers. Time tolerance of farmers tin tailoring climate anomaly is about a month. However, most of farmers manage the farming system based on normal condition. As the climate anomaly is an external factor that affect farming system, local authority should support the farmer’s collective actions through dissemination of anticipation strategies in managing the impacts climate anomaly, and support facilities to implement the strategies.</p>
Increasing food crop production remains a top priority for the Indonesian government, as demand increases as the population grows. One of the obstacles faced in increasing production is climate change. One of the adaptations to climate change in agriculture is to establish policies for the development and modification of infrastructure that can save water resources management and establish institutions involved in the planning and implementation of water resources management. Kendal Regency, Central Java Province, is one of the regions that contributes to food availability in Indonesia. These conditions support the development of food crops, especially rice, corn, and soybeans. Since 2015, the government and farmers have made improvements to the tertiary irrigation network in paddy fields. This activity aims to increase the cropping index and achieve cropping patterns for one year. In the implementation of irrigation network improvement activities, the community of farmers using water usually works together in determining the location for repairs and making suggestions for improvements to the government. Improvements to irrigation networks were able to increase the cropping index by 0.37 from 1.85 in 2015 to 2.22 in 2016 or equivalent to an area of 8,880 ha (standard area ±24,000 ha).
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