Mukormikosis rino-orbito-serebral (ROS) adalah penyakit angioinvasif akibat infeksi jamur Mucorales yang sering ditemukan pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Penyakit ini memiliki gambaran khas jaringan nekrotik kehitaman disebut eschar, sehingga disebut juga infeksi “jamur hitam”. Tingkat mortalitas penyakit ini tinggi terutama jika diagnosis dan tata laksana terlambat. Patogenesis mukormikosis ROS pada pasien DM antara lain: interaksi reseptor sel epitel dengan protein jamur, kadar besi bebas dalam darah, dan penurunan imunitas seluler. Diagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis dengan faktor risiko, identifikasi jamur, dan pencitraan. Pemeriksaan histopatologis dari jaringan biopsi dapat dikonfirmasi dengan hasil kultur. Tata laksana mukormikosis ROS pada penderita DM meliputi kombinasi debridemen, pemberian antijamur, dan mengatasi kondisi hiperglikemia. Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an angioinvasive disease caused by Mucorales fungal infection; it is common in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The disease has a characteristic feature of black necrotic appearance called eschar, thus also called as “black fungus” infection. The mortality rate of this disease is high, especially in delayed diagnosis and treatment. The pathogenesis of ROCM in diabetic patients includes the interaction of epithelial cell receptors with fungal proteins, free iron blood levels, and decreased cellular immunity. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, supporting risk factors, fungus identification, and imaging. Histopathological examination on biopsy tissue confirmed by culture can establish the diagnosis. Management includes a combination of surgical debridement, antifungals, and glycemia control.
<abstract> <p>Candidemia is the most common form of invasive fungal infection associated with several risk factors, and one of them is the use of medical devices, to which microbial biofilms can attach. Candidemia related to the use of peripheral intravascular and central venous catheters (CVC) is referred to as <italic>Candida</italic> catheter-related bloodstream infection, with more than 90% being related to CVC usage. The infection is associated with a higher morbidity and mortality rate than nosocomial bacterial infections. <italic>Candida</italic> spp. can protect themselves from the host immune system and antifungal drugs because of the biofilm structure, which is potentiated by the extracellular matrix (ECM). <italic>Candida albicans</italic> and <italic>Candida parapsilosis</italic> are the most pathogenic species often found to form biofilms associated with catheter usage. Biofilm formation of <italic>C. albicans</italic> includes four mechanisms: attachment, morphogenesis, maturation and dispersion. The biofilms formed between <italic>C. albicans</italic> and non-albicans spp. differ in ECM structure and composition and are associated with the persistence of colonization to infection for various catheter materials and antifungal resistance. Efforts to combat <italic>Candida</italic> spp. biofilm formation on catheters are still challenging because not all patients, especially those who are critically ill, can be recommended for catheter removal; also to be considered are the characteristics of the biofilm itself, which readily colonizes the permanent medical devices used. The limited choice and increasing systemic antifungal resistance also make treating it more difficult. Hence, alternative strategies have been developed to manage <italic>Candida</italic> biofilm. Current options for prevention or therapy in combination with systemic antifungal medications include lock therapy, catheter coating, natural peptide products and photodynamic inactivation.</p> </abstract>
Public awareness and concern about greening and healthy lifestyles in preserving the environment and improving health status are crucial despite the covid-19 pandemic. One approach to deal with this issue is by spreading the information and taking promotive actions which aim to increase public awareness of the importance of greening and healthy lifestyles in their daily lives. Various online educational activities for communities are needed to increase their knowledge and concern. In this regard, the Daerah Binaan (DABIN) unit and the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia held a SEHATI challenge and an educational seminar "Evergreen: Go Green, Go Healthy." One of the topics raised through this online seminar was "Urban Farming in the Pandemic Period: Economical and Ecological," which discusses various benefits of growing hydroponic vegetables. In addition, the topic of promoting a healthy lifestyle includes the proper processing of fresh vegetables to avoid parasitic contamination and a healthy breakfast with the consumption of probiotics. As many as nine and 198 people attended the challenge competition and seminar. A pre-test and a post-test were held before and after the seminar to determine the participants' knowledge. The result showed that the participants' knowledge increased between 15% to 38%. The efforts to deliver periodic education about greening and healthy lifestyles action will continue to be carried out by DABIN and HACCP. These efforts aim to improve public awareness about the importance of this topic, reduce global warming, and improve the health status of an area.
<p>Mukormikosis rino-orbito-serebral (ROS) adalah penyakit angioinvasif akibat infeksi jamur Mucorales yang sering ditemukan pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Penyakit ini memiliki gambaran khas jaringan nekrotik kehitaman disebut eschar, sehingga disebut juga infeksi “jamur hitam”.<br />Tingkat mortalitas penyakit ini tinggi terutama jika diagnosis dan tata laksana terlambat. Patogenesis mukormikosis ROS pada pasien DM antara lain: interaksi reseptor sel epitel dengan protein jamur, kadar besi bebas dalam darah, dan penurunan imunitas seluler. Diagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis dengan faktor risiko, identifikasi jamur, dan pencitraan. Pemeriksaan histopatologis dari jaringan biopsi dapat dikonfirmasi dengan hasil kultur. Tata laksana mukormikosis ROS pada penderita DM meliputi kombinasi debridemen, pemberian antijamur, dan mengatasi kondisi hiperglikemia.</p>
Background <br />The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. Diabetic patients have a higher risk of getting dermatomycosis. Dermatomycoses, although a common health problem amongst DM, is often misdiagnosed and consequently undertreated. Studies on the association between dermatomycosis and type 2 diabetes are lacking, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, etiology, and association of dermatomycosis with diabetic control of type 2 DM. <br /><br />Methods<br />A cross-sectional study was performed involving 87 subjects with type 2 DM. Demographic and clinical data, including age, sex, and blood glucose level, were collected. If a dermatomycosis lesion was found, a specimen would be taken for identification. Determination of serum glucose level was conducted using Roche c111 analyzer®. Statistical analysis was performed with the chi-square test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-independent sample test.<br /><br />Results<br />Seventeen (19.55%) subjects had dermatomycosis. The predominant age group affected was 51 - 60 years (42.4%). The number of clinically apparent dermatomycosis was greater in the uncontrolled than in the controlled blood sugar group, but the difference was statistically not significant (p > 0.05). The lesions were mostly found on the nails (74%) and the most common etiology was candida (50%) followed by dermatophyte (25%) and non-dermatophyte molds (25%). <br /><br />Conclusion<br />Uncontrolled blood sugar tends to increase the risk of dermatomycosis in type 2 DM patients. Fungal skin infections are common in type-2 DM patients, especially in those with poor glycemic control.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.