Background: India was the first country in the world to launch a National Family Planning Programme in 1952. It was purely a demographic programme with the sole objective of reducing the birth rate to stabilize the population. As per 2011 census population increased with the growth rate of 17.7%. Thus even after 63 years of programme & many more new advances & updates in programme, India could not reach its target of at least 60% of couple protection rate. So there would be some definite factors prohibiting its use. Methods: A cross section study of 450 reproductive age group women was conducted to find out the factors of unmet need of contraception & socio demographic profile. Results: In present study couple protection rate was 57.11%, majority being permanent sterilization. The selection of contraception was influenced by her husband in 43.24% & by mother-in-law in 62.16%. Conclusions: The study revealed that almost half of the couple population was using the contraception that included temporary as well as permanent methods of contraception.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) describes abnormal kidney function and/or structure. Investigations are focused on assessment of renal function and therefore stage of CKD, identification of the underlying cause and assessment of complications of CKD.Earliest identification of any deviation can help in early intervention & prevention of morbidity & mortality.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients of CKD admitted at GG Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, Jamnagar during period of 1 year, were included. Data were collected by means of interviewing the patients and serological investigations. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 24% patients had hyperglycemias & 36% patients had impaired glucose tolerance. Almost all biochemical markers were elevated. 86% (43) had High blood urea. All the patients had Serum creatinine level above the normal range for age & sex. 72% (36) patients had hyponatremia & 4% (2) patients had hypernatremia. 22% (11) patients had hypokalemia & 40% (20) patients had hyperkalemia. 38% (19) patients had hypocalcaemia & 6% (3) patients had hypocalcaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There must be prescribed protocol for all CRF patients for estimating biochemical profile so that any complication can be identified at earliest & intervened to prevent morbidity & mortality. </p>
Introduction: Primary Health Centre (PHC) is the cornerstone ofpreventive and promotive health care. Thus services provided at PHCs should be quality care and adequate care.To promote the same, GOI has started award giving based on performance of health facility under different themes. The present study was intended to have insight of the implementation status of swachhta guidelines (Kayakalp).Objective: To assess the Facility upkeep, Support services and Hygiene promotion at Primary Health centers of western Gujarat. Method: The cross sectional study carried out in 33 PHCs (universal sample) of Jamnagar district from 2017 to 2018. The assessment were done for following three categories: 1. Thematic Area 2. Criteria 3. Checkpoint. Under this study three thematic areas(from total 6), Hospital/Facility Upkeep, Support Services and Hygiene Promotion were covered. The data were obtained in present study in the terms of score for each variable. The score divided into up to 50%, 50%-70% and more than 70% then it was compared with different criterion under each theme and data were entered in Microsoft Excel version 2007. Data collection was done through Staff interview, Observations, patient Interview, Record review. Ethical clearance was taken from Institutional ethical committee before commencement of the study. Results: For criterion ; Maintenance of Open Areas, Facility Appearance, Infrastructure Maintenance, Illumination, water sanitation, pharmacy store, outreach services majority of health facilities obtained score >70%, whereas for Water conservation, pest & animal control, Laundry Services and Linen Management, Security services it was around 50%. Community Monitoring & Patient Participation & Information Education and Communication was observed average as per the criteria used.Conclusion:Half of the health facilities performed satisfactorily in work placemanagement. Involvement of Local community and organization in monitoring and promoting cleanliness.poor performance was seen regarding water conservation like maintenance of Water supply system, the preventive measures which were taken to reduce wastage.
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