In this study, the ASCE 41-17 nonlinear static procedure for steel moment-resisting frames is evaluated using a three-phase constraint handling procedure. For the first time, advanced performance measures of ASCE 41-17 are quantified during the optimization process by constructing concentrated plasticity models of the standard.Covariance matrix adaptation in evolution strategies (CMA-ES) is used to obtain optimal designs for three-and nine-story illustrative examples. Active and inactive constraints are discussed in the current performance-based design methodology as a guide for future research. The seismic evaluation procedure outlined in FEMA P695 is applied to 147 optimal designs. Plastic hinge models explicitly simulate cyclic deterioration in nonlinear dynamic analyses. The numerical results conclusively demonstrate that the design procedure provides an acceptable margin of safety from collapse of the treated frames. Moreover, there is no significant relationship between the structural weights and the collapse margin ratios for such optimally designed structures.
The present study offers a deductive linear design procedure based on optimally screened designs under nonlinear static procedure (NSP) of ASCE 41-17. A linearization algorithm is proposed for idealizing NSP pushover curves. The subsequent phase inferred a linear static methodology from the design philosophy underlying ASCE 41-17's NSP. The deduced design procedure is applied in providing a set of 6-story optimal SMRF designs under two load patterns: the code-based and the first-mode shape patterns. The optimal designs by the proposed deduced linear procedure are compared with those optimized under ASCE 41-17's NSP using FEMA p695 metrics. Consequently, adjusted collapse margin ratio is evaluated for both design approaches using incremental dynamic analyses. The evaluation results, demonstrates that the deduced linear static design yields comparable outcomes with respect to NSP; without requiring complex inelastic analysis in design steps of ASCE 41-17. Using the code-based lateral load pattern, the linear static design resulted in a greater margin of safety against collapse in heavier designs with respect to applying the first-mode shape. The deduced design procedure yields an idea that supports a seismic design philosophy to prevent conflict between design and retrofit standards.
The present study offers a deductive linear design procedure based on optimally screened designs under nonlinear static procedure (NSP) of ASCE 41-17. A linearization algorithm is proposed for idealizing NSP pushover curves. The subsequent phase inferred a linear static methodology from the design philosophy underlying ASCE 41-17's NSP. The deduced design procedure is applied in providing a set of 6-story optimal SMRF designs under two load patterns: the code-based and the first-mode shape patterns. The optimal designs by the proposed deduced linear procedure are compared with those optimized under ASCE 41-17's NSP using FEMA p695 metrics. Consequently, adjusted collapse margin ratio is evaluated for both design approaches using incremental dynamic analyses. The evaluation results, demonstrates that the deduced linear static design yields comparable outcomes with respect to NSP; without requiring complex inelastic analysis in design steps of ASCE 41-17. Using the code-based lateral load pattern, the linear static design resulted in a greater margin of safety against collapse in heavier designs with respect to applying the first-mode shape. The deduced design procedure yields an idea that supports a seismic design philosophy to prevent conflict between design and retrofit standards.
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