Background Halofuginone is an alkaloid febrifugine analogue and bioactive molecule that was isolated incidentally from the Dichroa febrifuga plant. The therapeutic efficacy of halofuginone in parasitic infections, scleroderma, inflammation, and fibrosis-related diseases, as well as in some types of cancer, has been previously reported. The effects of halofuginone on nasal mucosal damage are not yet known. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effect of topically applied halofuginone on wound healing in the mechanically injured nasal mucosa of rats. Methods A unilateral mucosal wound was created in the nasal cavity of 32 rats (aged 4 weeks) using the brushing technique. These rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Although the control group did not receive an intervention, a dry pad, a saline-impregnated pad, or a pad impregnated with halofuginone were placed in the rats of the other 3 groups and left for 5 minutes. Rats were sacrificed on the 14th day, and a histological examination was performed. The nasal mucosa was assessed via hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining. Results There were no statistically significant differences in epithelial thickness, inflammation, goblet cell formation, and epithelial disarray values between the halofuginone group and the control group ( P > .05). The subepithelial thickness was significantly decreased in the saline-treated group and the halofuginone-treated group ( P < .05), but a significantly lower level of subepithelial fibrosis was only observed in the halofuginone group compared to the other groups ( P < .05). Conclusions Topical halofuginone administration reduces the development of fibrosis and subepithelial edema after experimentally induced nasal mucosal injury, but it does not exert therapeutic or preventive effects on epithelial damage, inflammation, and goblet cell hyperplasia.

No abstract

Objective: It was aimed to evaluate the results of routine histopathological examination after cholecystectomy and to investigate the necessity of routine histopathologic examination after cholecystectomy. Methods: The study was designed retrospectively. One thousand three hundred sixty six patients who underwent laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy at Private Sani Konukoglu Hospital with pre-diagnosis of benign gallbladder disease between November 2011 and May 2017 were included in the study. Patients' demographic data, pathologic results, macroscopic appearance of the specimen, and cancer staging were recorded. The distribution and frequency of pathologic diagnoses and the prevalence of incidental gallbladder cancer (GBC) were evaluated. Pathologic findings were compared in terms of age groups and gender relations. Results: The number of patients included in the study was 1366. Diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis patients were 1,303 (95%), 39 (3%) with acute cholecystitis, 7 (0.5%) with gallbladder cancer, and 17 (1.5%) with other diagnoses of the patients. Statistical significance was found between the groups in terms of the mean age (p = 0.0002). Comparisons between groups in terms of cholesterolysis were statistically significant (p = 0.0003). There was a significant relationship between mucosa atrophy and gender (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The histopathological spectrum of gallbladder is quite extensive. Incidental GBC may not be detected by preoperative imaging methods. Incidental GBC are usually asymptomatic. T 2 , T 3 and T 4 GBC were also encountered in our study. All of these patients need additional operations. In the absence of routine histopathologic examination, metastatic advanced GBC may be encountered because no treatment plans could make. Thus, we do recommend routine histopathological examination.

No abstract

Schwannomas are tumors originating from Schwann cells in the nerve sheath. Although they can appear on many parts of the body, they occur most frequently in the head and neck. Furthermore, they are very rarely seen in the retroperitoneal region. Ancient schwannoma is a sub-type of schwannomas that is quite rare. In this study, the case of a retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma, which showed cystic degeneration and reached gigantic sizes, is presented. A forty-nine-year-old female patient was admitted to our center with complaints of growing abdominal distention and stiffness for 7 years. In the physical examination, a non-mobile and stiff mass that was approximately 30 cm along its longest axis and extended from the subcostal area to the inguinal region was detected on the right side of the abdomen. A solid retroperitoneal mass containing encapsulated and cystic components was confirmed in the oral and intravenous contrasted abdominopelvic tomography. The size of the mass was 28×20×12 cm, and a total excision of the mass was planned. The mass was excised together with the capsule. In the pathological examination, ancient schwannoma, which showed widespread multifocal cystic degeneration with benign characteristic, was found. In the immunohistochemical staining, S100 was found to be positive. The patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. Schwannomas are slowly progressive benign tumors that can reach a large size without any symptoms and rarely settle in the retroperitoneal region. Ancient schwannomas are also a rarely seen sub-type of schwannomas. In this study, the case of a retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma, which showed cystic degeneration and reached gigantic sizes, is presented. Keywords: Giant, retroperitoneal, ancient, schwannoma ÖZ Schwannoma'lar, sinir kılıflarındaki schwann hücrelerinden köken alan tümörlerdir. Vücudun pek çok bölgesinden kaynaklanabilirler. En sık olarak baş boyun bölgesinde görülürler. Retroperitoneal bölgede ise oldukça nadirdirler Ancient schwannoma ise oldukça az görülen bir subtipdir. Bu vaka sunumunda; nadir görülen, kistik dejenerasyon göstermiş ve dev boyutlara ulaşmış retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma olgusu sunulmuştur. Kırk dokuz yaşında kadın hasta, merkezimize 7yıldır karında giderek büyüyen şişlik ve sertlik şikayeti ile başvurdu. Fizik muayenede karnın sağ tarafında; subkostal alandan inguinal bölgeye kadar uzanan sert, mobilitesi olmayan ve uzun ekseni yaklaşık 30cm olan kitle palpe edildi. Oral ve intravenöz kontrastlı abdominopelvik tomografide enkapsüle, kistik komponentler de içeren solid retroperitoneal kitle saptandı. Kitlenin boyutu 28x20x12 cm boyutlarında idi. Kitlenin total eksizyonu planlandı. Kitle, kapsülü ile birlikte total olarak çıkarıldı. Patolojik incelemede yaygın multifokal kistik dejenerasyon gösteren benign karakterli ancient schwannoma tespit edildi. İmmünohistokimyasal boyamada S100 pozitif bulundu. Hasta ameliyat sonrası 5. günde taburcu edildi. Schwannomalar yavaş seyirli benign tümörlerdir. Belirti vermeden dev boyutlara ul...