Automating SLA monitoring involves minimizing human involvement in the overall monitoring process. SLA monitoring is difficult to automate as it would need precise and unambiguous specification and a customizable engine that collects the right measurement, models the data and evaluates the SLA at certain times or when certain events happen. Also most of the SLA neglect client side measurement or restrict SLAs to measurements based only on server side. In a cross-enerprise scenario like web services it will be important to obtain measurements at multiple sites and to guarantee SLAs on them. In this article we propose an automated and distributed SLA monitoring engine.
Replication of documents on geographically distributed servers can improve both performance and reliability of the Web service. Server selection algorithms allow Web clients to select one of the replicated servers which is "close" to them and thereby minimize the response time of the Web service. Using client proxy server traces, we compare the effectiveness of several "proximity" metrics including the number of hops between the client and server, the ping round trip time and the HTTP request latency. Based on this analysis, we design two new algorithms for selection of replicated servers and compare their performance against other existing algorithms. We show that the new server selection algorithms improve the performance of other existing algorithms on the average by 55%. In addition, the new algorithms improve the performance of the existing nonreplicated Web servers on average by 69%.
workflow, business process, HPPM (HP Process Manager), data analysis, visualization of data Business Process Cockpit (BPC) is a tool that supports real-time monitoring, analysis, management, and optimization of business processes running on top of HP Process Manager, the Business Process Management System developed by Hewlett-Packard. The main goal of the Business Process Cockpit is to enable business users to perform business-level quality analysis, monitoring, and management of business processes. The BPC visualizes process execution data according to different focus points that identify the process entities that are the focus of the analysis, and different perspectives that define a way to look at the information. The BPC also allows users to define new concepts, such as "slow" and "fast" executions, and use those concepts to categorize the viewed data and make it much easier for users to interpret.
The Internet is rapidly becoming the preferred mean through which companies provide services to businesses and customers. A large number of eservices, including for instance stock trading, customized newspapers, real-time traffic report, or itinerary planning, is already available on the Web, and the type and number of e-services grows on a daily basis. In order to support the development and deployment of e-services, software vendors are developing eservices frameworks and platforms, that provide a language for describing an eservice, and then allow service providers to register, advertise and securely deliver e-services to (authorized) users. A composite e-service is an e-service defined by composing other basic or composite e-services. As the e-service paradigm becomes popular and more and more applications are developed or deployed as e-services, the need and opportunity for defining composite service become manifest. This paper presents a specific type of e-service (or, rather, a meta e-service) called Composition E-Service (CES), that allows the definition, execution, management, and monitoring of composite e-services. We first describe the advantages and the functionality of such a service. Next, we present the language used for specifying the composition, also discussing why existing workflow languages are not suitable for this purpose. Finally, we present the architecture and implementation of the CES we developed to deliver the service on top of the e-services platform e-speak. An analogous architecture and implementation strategy can be followed with any other e-services platform.
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