Purpose Muslim tourists participating in halal tourism activities represent a valuable niche market for global tourism industry. The purpose of this study is to clarify the concepts of halal tourism and Islamic tourism and to draw attention to some conceptual and practical challenges in the halal tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a critical assessment of the literature in this field. To differentiate the concepts and to discuss practical and conceptual challenges, the authors found some references by reviewing the existing definitions in related literature and the primary source of the concepts which is Holy Book of Islam, Quran. Findings The terms “intention” and “Islamic motivation” can be used to differentiate Islamic tourism and halal tourism. The authors suggest calling hotels that provide good and services in halal tourism industry as “halal hotels” and tourists as “Muslim tourists”. One of the leading practical challenges in halal tourism is having lack of halal standards, especially for hotels. As the way Muslims understand and adapt their lives to Islam is quite different, which means this market is not homogenous, the authors suggest that halal hotels should be scaled through different qualifications in different countries. Research limitations/implications This study is based on literature review, and it lacks primary research. Practical implications Current paper stresses the need for consistent use of Islamic-related tourism terms in industry. Hotel companies should have halal certifications that will provide assurance to customers. It is highly important for hotel companies to inform their target guests about the location of hotel before arriving at hotel. This is because halal hotels and other hotels are usually located in resort destination, especially in Turkey. Originality/value This paper is one of the leading papers that differentiates Islamic tourism and halal tourism concepts. It also provides several conceptual and practical issues in halal tourism industry.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the expectations of hotel guests regarding the halal standards in the hotels where they stay. Besides, the determination of differences in demographic characteristics of the participants is among the objectives of the research. Thus, taking into consideration the halal standard expectations of the participants, the results that will support the applications of accommodation establishments have been attempted to be figured out. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative research methods were used in this research. Owing to the lack of a specific scale in the related literature, the questionnaire used in the study was created as a result of pilot tests conducted with the expressions mentioned in the theoretical studies. In a sense, this research provides a basis for the development of a scale that was not available in this area. Analysis methods were decided by considering the preconditions for parametric test techniques. Findings Islamic lifestyle is specified as the most common reason for choosing halal concept hotels. Additionally, there are some other outstanding reasons like halal food, safer holiday etc. Watching TV during the holidays is the least important reason to spend time. It has been determined that the attitude toward halal tourism changes according to gender and women’s attitude toward tourism is more positive than men’s. In addition to this, it is found out that the attitude of halal tourism differs by age for males, while it differs by educational status for women. It is ensured that potential entrepreneurs can achieve significant economic gains by attracting investors’ attention to this market. Besides, the possibility of meeting the holiday needs of the masses with religious sensitivities within the country is revealed by halal tourism. The emergence of sufficient tourism facilities will show that this group will be respected and valued. Hence, this will also contribute positively to social tolerance. Research limitations/implications Halal tourism is an issue for almost all tourism (accommodation, eating, recreation, transportation) businesses. However, this dissertation focused on accommodation establishments and other tourism enterprises were excluded from the scope of the study. Practical implications It is believed that this study is authentic in the way it offers a universal halal tourism model for the hospitality industry as well as the comprehensive literature review that it is built on. Thus, it is expected to have a significant impact on both practical and theoretical knowledge. Originality/value This study is unique in terms of increasing the satisfaction of the people demanding the halal concept accommodation establishments can apply halal tourism and offering a standardization proposal for that. It is thought that this research is original and that it is important for both the practice field and the theoretical field to provide a standardization which can be applied in accommodation establishments.
ÖZET: Son yıllarda turizm faaliyetinin bölgeye sağladığı ekonomik katkının yanında bölge halkının da bu endüstriye karşı görüş ve algılarının belirlenmesi üzerine yapılan araştırmaların sayısı artmaktadır. Turizmin bir parçası olan yerel halkın turistlere karşı sergileyecekleri tavır ve davranışları da bölgenin geleceği açısından tartışılması gereken bir durumdur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı Alanyalıların ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel etkileri açısından turizm faaliyetine yönelik görüş ve algılamalarını belirlemektir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, Alanya'daki yerel halk turizm faaliyetini ekonomik açıdan olumlu karşılarken özellikle sosyal açıdan bu faaliyetin olumsuz etkilere sahip olduğuna inanmaktadırlar. Katılımcıların demografik farklılıkları dikkate alınarak yapılan t-testi ve Anova analizlerinin sonuçlarına göre bazı ifadelerde görüş farklılıklarının olduğu saptanmıştır. Olumsuz görüş ve algılamalara rağmen turizm faaliyeti genel açıdan Alanya halkı tarafından olumlu değerlendirilmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Turizmin etkileri, Turizm sosyolojisi, Turizm bilinci, Alanya turizmi JEL kodu: Z31-Z38 An Investigation to Determine Opinions and Perceptions of LocalCommunity toward Tourism Activities in Alanya ABSTRACT: In recently, studies about determining the opinions and perceptions of local community regarding tourism as well as recognizing its economic benefits to region, have been increased an important issue. Local people's attitudes and behavior towards tourists who are the main part of tourism, should be discussed for the region's future. The main aim of this research is to determine the opinions and perceptions of local people live in Alanya, toward tourism activities in terms of economic, social and environmental impacts. According to the survey, while the local people have been accepting tourism activities positively in terms of economic benefits, they believe that this activity has the negative impacts on social life. The *
PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to make a comparative evaluation of the impacts of previous outbreaks and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the tourism industry. COVID-19 appears to have disrupted all memorizations about epidemics ever seen. Nobody has anticipated that the outbreak in late December will spread rapidly across the world, be fatal and turn the world economy upside down. Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome and others caused limited losses in a limited geography, thus similar behaviors were expected at first in COVID-19. But it was not so. Today, people continue to lose their lives and experience economic difficulties. One of the most important distressed industries is undoubtedly tourism.Design/methodology/approachThis study is a literature review. In this review, a comparative evaluation between the impact of previous outbreaks and COVID-19 on the tourism industry has been made based on statistics and previous research studies.FindingsThe information and figures obtained show that COVID-19 and previous outbreaks have such significant differences that cannot be compared. COVID-19 has been one of the worst to live in terms of spreading speed, the geography where it spreads, loss of lives and negative effects in the whole area.Originality/valueIt is noteworthy that COVID-19 is very severe in terms of death cases and also its impacts on the economy compared to other pandemics. It remains to be argued that COVID-19 can also be a reference in terms of possible new outbreaks in the future, and is an effective actor in determining future strategies.
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