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Study was conducted to determine the effects of genotype and sex on the technological properties and fatty acid composition of duck meat. Native (n = 15) and Peking (n = 15) ducks were slaughtered at 10 wk old, and meat samples were taken from M. pectoralis major (breast) and M. peroneus longus (thigh). The pH24, drip loss, expressed juice, cooking loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), color variables, fatty acid composition, and sensory characteristics were examined. Ultimate pH of breast meat in Peking ducks (6.01) was higher than that of native ducks (5.82). The breast drip loss (3.40%) and cooking loss (31.23%) in native ducks were higher than those in Peking ducks (2.77 and 26.69%, respectively). The expressed juice of thigh meat in native ducks (8.23%) was higher than that of Peking ducks (6.52%). Genotype and sex had no significant influence on WBSF and meat color. Lightness (L*) values of breast and thigh skin were higher in Peking ducks than native ones. In panel evaluation, panelists evaluated the meat of Peking ducks with higher odor and flavor intensity. Breast meat of native ducks had higher Σ-polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑PUFA), ∑n-6 (omega-6) proportions, nutritive value, the ratio of ΣPUFA to Σ-saturated fatty acid (∑SFA) and lower ∑SFA, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices than Peking ducks. Instrumental and sensory characteristics of duck meat as well as fatty acid composition indicate that duck finishing can be considered as an alternative source of high-quality meat production.

This study was conducted to determine the genetic parameters of internal and external quality traits of Japanese quail eggs. Two statistical models were used in the calculation of genetic parameters and variance components. While 286 eggs were used based on model 1, 1,524 eggs were used based on model 2. Genetic parameters of the first eggs were calculated with direct genetic effect included in the analysis as random factors by using model 1. Model 2 was used for all eggs (5 to 6 eggs from each hen for six rearing groups). As different from model 1, their permanent environmental effects were also included in the model 2. Heritability of egg weight, egg length, egg width, shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, and shell ratio among the external quality traits of the eggs was respectively found to be 0.44, 0.53, 0.51, 0.70, 0.19, 0.16, and 0.05, respectively, according to model 1. These values were found to be 0.46, 0.40, 0.74, 0.48, 0.60, 0.28, and 0.21, respectively, according to model 2. Yolk weight, yolk diameter, yolk height, yolk index, yolk ratio, albumen weight, albumen height, albumen ratio, and Haugh unit values among the internal quality traits of the egg were found to be 0.22, 0.32, 0.02, 0.16, 0.19, 0.34, 0.19, 0.17, and 0.17, respectively, according to model 1. These internal quality traits were found to be 0.27, 0.18, 0.38, 0.06, 0.20, 0.41, 0.15, 0.15, and 0.12, respectively, according to model 2. Consequently, in this study, strong genetic correlations were detected between albumen height and Haugh unit, and also between albumen height and albumen weight. Additionally, a high and positive correlation was observed between some yolk traits (yolk weight and diameter) and albumen traits (weight and height). All these genetic correlations can be used to improve egg quality with a selection according to albumen weight.

SummaryThis study was conducted to determine effect of different fattening systems on fattening performance and body measurements of Hemsin male lambs. The materials of the study were consisted 39 male lambs weaned at 3 months of age (approximately live weight of 23 kg). In this study, Hemsin lambs were used in three group of extensive (n=13), semi-intensive (n=13) and intensive (n=13). The experiment was conducted for 90 days. Final live weights of groups of extensive, semi-intensive and intensive were 33.32, 41.16 and 42.09 kg, respectively, and for daily live weight gain (DLWG) were 121.11, 201.89 and 213.00 g, respectively. For semi-intensive and intensive of group, feed conversion ratios were 3.44 and 5.35 kg, respectively. As a result, intensive and semi-intensive groups of fattening performance were higher than that of extensive group. The differences among intensive and semi-intensive groups of fattening performance were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The results of this study suggest that semi-intensive group might be appropriate for fattening male Hemsin lambs. Hemsin lambs had a generally similar or lower fattening performance compared to local sheep breeds. Keywords: Hemsin lamb, Fattening systems, Fattening performance, Body measurements Hemşin Erkek Kuzularında Farklı Besi Sistemlerinin Besi Performansı ve Vücut Ölçülerine Etkisi ÖzetBu araştırma, Hemşin erkek kuzularında besi performansı ve vücut ölçülerine farklı besi sistemlerinin etkisini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini, 3 aylık yaşta sütten kesilmiş, 39 baş Hemşin erkek kuzu oluşturmuştur (Yaklaşık 23 kg canlı ağırlığında). Araştırmadaki kuzulara ekstansif (n=13), yarı entansif (n=13) ve entansif (n=13) olmak üzere 3 farklı besi yapılmıştır. Araştırma 90 günde tamamlanmıştır. Ekstansif, yarı entansif ve entansif besi gruplarında besi sonu canlı ağırlıkları sırasıyla 33.32, 41.16 ve 42.09 kg, günlük canlı ağırlık artışları sırasıyla 121.11, 201.89 ve 213.00 g olarak belirlenmiştir. Yarı entansif ve entansif besi gruplarında yemden yararlanma oranları ise sırasıyla 3.44 ve 5.35 kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, entansif ve yarı entansif besi gruplarının besi performansı, ekstansif besi grubundan yüksek bulunmuştur. Besi performansı bakımından entansif ve yarı entansif besi grupları arasında istatistiki bir fark bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Bu sonuçlara göre Hemşin erkek kuzularında yarı entansif besinin en uygun olacağı ortaya çıkmıştır. Besi performansı bakımından, genel olarak Hemşin erkek kuzuların diğer yerli ırklara göre benzer ve biraz düşük olduğu söylenebilir.

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1. Genetic parameters of slaughter and carcase traits were estimated for 5-week-old Japanese quail reared under the one-to-one sire and dam pedigree recorded system. Data were analysed using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) with relationship matrix. Records of 1244 animals from 119 sires and 156 dams were analysed. 2. An individual animal model was used which had the animals' genetic effect as the only random factor. Heritability and standard errors of slaughter, cold carcase, breast, leg, wing, others, liver weights and dressing percentage were 0·40 ± 0·07, 0·55 ± 0·07, 0·58 ± 0·07, 0·54 ± 0·07, 0·49 ± 0·07, 0·42 ± 0·06, 0·13 ± 0·04 and 0·21 ± 0·05 respectively. Moderate to high heritability for most of the studied traits suggested that selection to increase or decrease these traits will be successful. 3. The strongest genetic correlation was found between slaughter, carcase and breast weights (0·97-0·87). These high genetic correlations provide an opportunity to select for breast weight on the basis of 5-week weight. 4. It can be concluded that carcase weight and 5-week weight of quail can be included in a selection index to increase the weights of valuable carcass parts.