The recent growth in digital marketing investments and revenues has attracted the attention of both marketing practitioners and scholars. However, this growth has dramatically increased users' exposure to ad messages, encouraging consumers to avoid them. Therefore, ad avoidance has become a major problem for marketing practitioners. Although researchers have become much more interested in this subject over the past two decades, the body of knowledge on ad avoidance in the digital environment remains fragmented due to the lack of a comprehensive review. Therefore, a holistic overview study is needed that focuses on the big picture and can help researchers to understand the literature comprehensively. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic using a systematic literature review approach on digital ad avoidance. To this end, we provide an in‐depth content analysis of 56 relevant articles published in 31 peer‐reviewed scientific journals up to December 31, 2021. Based on a theories, contexts, characteristics, and methods (TCCM) framework, the study results shed light on ‘what do we know, how do we know, and where should research about digital ad avoidance research be heading?’ Additionally, drawing on the content analysis, we have presented an integrative framework that considers antecedents, outcomes, mediators, and moderators, which can help develop the field systematically and guide future research. By doing so, we think this review meets the need to give an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art scientific body of knowledge on digital ad avoidance and makes important and solid contributions to the literature, practical implications, and future research directions based on the findings.

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As the fluctuating effects of the pandemic continue, vaccination studies accelerated to ensure mass immunity. However, considering the speed of inoculation, it should be emphasized that it is evident of hesitancy threatening the achievement of herd immunity. The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply stirred up suspicions about many new habits in daily lives; therefore the vaccination has no exception. This paper is dedicated to examining communication framings designed to promote vaccination programs, as it might be a communicative remedy of counter-responses against the vaccination. Yet, a great deal is unexplored how the pandemic causes people to generate counterarguments against the vaccination program. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze which features of the communications lead to such a negative belief and investigate the effects of religious framing on vaccination attitudes, based on the fact that people take a religious perspective in crisis times. Findings by 2×2x2 between-subjects design of ANCOVA revealed that selecting a framing path influences the general thought about vaccination, and religious-framed messages have the ability to transform counterarguing tendency. But these capabilities have some limitations and religious framing generally benefits through interaction with loss-framed messages. The theoretical contributions were mentioned following the results.

The present study aims to compare two different advertising types that are known to have a significant role on advertising credibility and purchase intentions. The effects of narrative ads through being-hooked and of expert endorsement through internalization on the dependent variables were analyzed via empirical research design. The hypothesized model was tested with the sequential mediation analyses. Besides, the differences of mediator variables within the scope of ad credibility and buying intentions were investigated by conducting a series of t-tests. The subjects were exposed to one of the stimulus ad types composed of either story-based (n=128) or expert endorsement (n=124) advertising style. The results showed that both the direct effects of narrative advertising and the mediating effects of being-hooked significantly predicted the dependent variables. Although almost similar findings were reached for the expert endorsing and internalization, the mean scores remained behind the narrative ad type.

ÖZBu çalışma, televizyon reklamlarında yer alan çocuk karakterleri cinsiyet davranış kalıpları çerçevesinde inceleyerek çocuk karakterlerin cinsiyetlerine göre hangi tür davranış kalıplarıyla resmedildiğini betimlemeye yöneliktir. Araştırmada analiz edilen televizyon reklamlarına, youtube.com internet sitesi aracılığı ile "çocuk ve reklam" anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak ulaşılmıştır. Sorgu sonrasında ulaşılan reklamlar, görüntüleme sayısına göre filtrelenmiş ve en fazla izlenen reklamlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu çerçevede, araştırmada analiz edilmek üzere listedeki ilk 100 televizyon reklamı, belirlenen kriterler çerçevesinde ön elemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Nihayetinde, tekrar eden reklamların da elenmesiyle 76 adet televizyon reklam spotu araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, televizyon reklamlarından içerik analizi tekniği ile toplanarak, analize hazırlanmıştır. Öncelikle frekans ve yüzdeler belirlenerek yorumlanmış, ardından çapraz tablo ve Kendal-Spearman korelasyon testleriyle değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler ifade edilmiştir. Ayrıca, değişkenlerin birbirlerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını anlamak amacıyla Kruskal Wallis tek yönlü varyans analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, televizyon reklamlarında yer alan çocuk karakterlerin sergilediği cinsiyet stereotipleri; ürün kategorisi, dışses cinsiyeti, hareketlilik, fayda türü gibi reklamın sunuluş biçimlerine göre istatistiksel olarak farklılaşmaktadır. Reklamlardaki erkek karakterler daha güçlü ve yönlendirici, kız karakterler ise uyma ve boyun eğme davranışlarıyla birlikte yansıtılmışlardır. Ayrıca, yaş düzeyi ilerledikçe televizyon reklamlarında kız çocukların gösterilme oranı düşmektedir. Anahtar Kelimler: Cinsiyet stereotipleri, çocuk karakterler, reklam. CHILD CHARACTERS IN TELEVISION ADVERTISING AND GENDER STEREOTYPES ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to examine the child characters in television advertisements in terms of gender behavior patterns. For this purpose, we tried to determine what kinds of behavior patterns are depicted according to the genders of child characters. Television advertisements that are analyzed in the research have been gathered by using the keyword "children and advertising" via the youtube.com website. Ads reached after the query have been filtered by the number of views and reached the most viewed ads. In this frame, the top 100 television commercials to be analyzed in the survey were subjected to the preliminary process within the framework of the criteria set. Finally, 76 television ad spots were included in the search by eliminating repetitive ads. The data 1 Doç. Dr., Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi, asina.gulerarslan@selcuk.edu.tr, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6981-2195 2 Öğr. Gör., Aksaray Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler MYO, msafacam@aksaray.edu.tr,