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Abstract-Rapeseeds (Brassica napus oleifera L.) were analyzed for some physical properties production in Kırklareli province. Also some physical properties of rapeseed such as seed moisture content, length, diameter, mass of single seed, thousand seed mass, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, seed volume, density, accumulation angle and friction coefficient have been determined. Kernel moisture, thousand kernel mass, plant length, plant stem diameter, yield of the harvested crop were determined as 8.34 %, 4.74 g, 158.2 cm, 8.10 mm, 3204 kg/ha, respectively. Length, diameter, mass of single kernel, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, bulk density, accumulation angle and friction coefficient were found as 2.

In this research, a prototype downdraft throatless gasifier was designed with a mechanical stirrer. The gasifier was designed for gasification of rice straw pellets. The diameter of the reactor was 350 mm and a nominal value for the heat power of biomass input was 70 kW. Rice straws which were collected from Thrace Region of Turkey gasified for determination of the designed gasifier performance in Namik Kemal University Biosystem Engineering Laboratories. The effects of airflow path and stirring process on the gasification efficiency during the gasification process were investigated. Temperatures and airflow rates observed and adjusted by controlling the air flow rate in the automation system constantly. Pellets were gasified using two different airflow paths with the same equivalence ratio of 0.2 and these were compared. Air inlet from the top showed better results than air inlet from tuyeres. For the air inlet from the top, the higher heating value of producer gas was determined as 5.047 MJ Nm -3 and cold gas efficiency was calculated as 65.4%. H 2 /CO ratio was found as 1.385 which was higher than the air inlet from tuyeres.

In this study, energy and exergy analyzes were performed in the gasification of rice straw pellets prepared in 5 different blends. The heating value (LHV) of the pellets ranged from 12.45MJ/kg to 12.93MJ/kg. The calorific values of the obtained syngas samples were between 3885.5MJ/Nm3 and 4427.7MJ/Nm3. The energy efficiency of the pellet samples in gasification ranged from 53.44% to 58.01% and exergy efficiency varied from 49.19% to 53.48%. In all pellet samples used in gasification, the efficiency of exergy was lower than energy efficiency. The lowest irreversibility value in the gasification process was 36.74kW in PC5 pellet, the highest irreversibility value was 44.21kW in PRF pellet. As a result of the thermodynamic analysis of the pellet samples in gasification, it was concluded that there is no need to add any additives in the pelletization of the rice straw.

No abstract

Bir fotobiyoreaktörün çalışması manuel olarak oldukça zordur. Fotobiyoreaktörün verimli çalışması, sistemden sık veri toplama yoluyla mümkün olan büyüme koşullarının yakın kontrolünü gerektirir. Manuel örnek toplama ve analizleri hem zahmetli hem de nispeten pahalıdır. Fotobiyoreaktörün verimli çalışması için yapılan bu çalışmada; entegre bir gerçek zamanlı biyoreaktör izleme ve kontrol sisteminin geliştirilmesi, besin maddesi eklenmesi, biyokütle hasat zamanı, ışık, CO2 besleme döngüleri ve sıcaklık ile ilgili kararlar alınması, yosun oluşumu sırasında ekonomik kayıpların önlenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda yapımı gerçekleştirilen otomatik yetiştirme sistemi ile örnek alma, hasat ve besin ilavesi sırasında mikrobiyal kontaminasyonun minimuma indirildiği gösterilmiştir.