Objective: Urinoma is a rare entity and mainly occurs due to acute obstruction such as ureteral stone. We aimed to demonstrate factors associated with urinoma accompanied by ureteral calculi. Material and methods: Data of 550 patients who were diagnosed with ureteral stone by computed tomography (CT) were analyzed retrospectively. In 20 patients perirenal urinoma was associated with ureteral calculi (group I), whereas in other 530 patients no urinoma was detected (group II). Gender, age, size, side and localization of the stone, hydronephrosis, fever, sepsis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), hematuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT) and cronic kidney disease (CKD) of the two groups were compared. Results: The average age of the patients were 46.2 (20-71) and 44.9 (10-82) years in group I and group II, respectively (p > 0.05). According to our results leukocytosis, microscopic and macroscopic hematuria, UTIs, increase of serum creatinine, BUN and CRP, diagnosis of DM and HT were significantly associated with urinoma (p < 0.05). In addition, patients with distal ureteral stones are more prone to urinoma (p = 0.001). An interesting finding of the study was that the stone size in group I (median 5 mm [range 3-8]) was significantly smaller than in group II (9.3 mm [4-25]; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Small stone size, distal localisation of the stone in ureter, leukocytosis, hematuria, UTIs, increase of serum creatinine, BUN and CRP, presence of DM and HT are associated with perirenal urinoma.

Aortic stiffness increases in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) but it is not known whether aortic stiffness affects the degree of ED. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether there is any relationship between aortic stiffness and the severity of ED. Patients with ED were divided into 3 groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores. Mild ED was named as group 1, moderate ED as group 2 and severe ED as group 3. The values of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid values, total testosterone (T. tes), and free testosterone (F tes) were recorded. Aortic stiffness was determined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIX) measurements. The mean or median values of the laboratory parameters among the groups were similar (p > .05). No statistical difference was found between the groups in terms of AIX value (p = .386). Mean PWV values were calculated as 7.26, 8.30 and 8.78 in group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. PWV values were significantly different between groups (p < .0001). PWV values were found to be increased with increasing severity of erectile dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy application on the success and complications of ureteroscopic lithotripsy in proximal ureter stones. METHODS: The data of 87 patients who did not respond to shock wave lithotripsy and underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy were retrospectively analyzed and classified as group I, and 99 patients who received ureteroscopic lithotripsy as primary treatment were classified as group II. Demographic features, response to treatment, and preoperative and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no difference between the two groups in terms of gender, operation times, stone sizes, and ureteroscope diameters. (p>0.05).Infective complications such as postoperative fever, pyelonephritis, and urosepsis were similar in both groups (p=0.142, p=0.291, and p=0.948). Stone migration was observed in 10 (11.5%) and 6 (6.1%) patients in groups I and II, respectively (p=0.291). Impacted stone was seen in 47 (54%) patients in group I and in 15 (15.2%) patients in group II (p<0.0001). Mucosal laceration occurred in 11 (12.6%) and 3 (3%) patients in groups I and II, respectively (p=0.028). Ureteral perforation was detected in 3 (3.4%) patients in group I and 1 (1%) patient in group II, whereas ureteral avulsion was not observed in either group (p=0.524). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the application of shock wave lithotripsy before ureteroscopic lithotripsy in proximal ureter stones did not affect the success. Although the results are similar in terms of postoperative infection, shock wave lithotripsy application has been found to increase the risk of stone impaction into the mucosa and ureteral laceration.

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Background/aim: The purpose of the present study was to review the effect of varicocelectomy on semen parameters and spontaneous pregnancy in infertile men. Materials and methods: Data regarding 227 patients who underwent varicocelectomy were analyzed. Patients that was used a loop magnifier were labeled as group I(n=90), patients whom was used a microscope were labeled as group II(n=90) and patients who underwent open ligation were labeled as group III(n=47). Semen parameters and spontaneous pregnancy were compared between the groups. Results: The average age was 28.5 years. Preoperative azoospermia, oligospermia and normospermia were 13.3%, 52.2% and 34.4% in group I, 22.2%, 36.7% and 41.1% in group II, 6.4%, 48.9% and 44.7% in group III, respectively. Postoperative azoospermia, oligospermia and normospermia were 1.1%, 46.7% and 52.2% in group II, respectively(p<0.05). Postoperatively, oligospermia and normospermia were 50% and 50% in group I, 42.6% and 57.4% in group III, respectivly(p<0.05). Postoperative azoospermia were not observed in any of the patients in group I and grup III. Preoperative concentration was 12X10 6 /mL in group I, 12,9X10 6 /mL in group II, and 13X10 6 /mL in group III, postoperative concentration were 16,5X10 6 /mL, 27,5X10 6 /mL and 23X10 6 /mL in group I, group II and group III, respectively(p>0.05). Preoperative morphology were 26.7% in group I, 33% in group II and 25.5% in group III, postoperative morphology were 58.9%, 75.6% and 76.6% in group I, group II and group III, respectively(p<0.05). Preoperative sperm A was 19.9% in group I, 8.3% in group II, 21.3% in group III, postoperative sperm A was 32%, 21.1% and 33.7% in all groups, respectively(p<0.05). Preoperative sperm A+B was 42.1% in group I, 14.2% in group II, 45.1% in group III, postoperative sperm A+B was 52.3%, 45.2% and 55.9% in all groups, respectively(p<0.05). Spontaneous pregnancy was 37.8% in group I, 26.7% in group II and 38.3% in group III(p>0.05). Conclusions: Improvement in semen parameters were found significant in microsurgery groups. While the concentration was insignificant in the open ligation group, spontaneous pregnancy was similar in groups.