Temporary restorations are an important stage of fixed prosthetic treatment in the period until the final restoration is made and the most appropriate provisional material with CAD-CAM technology used today should be researched. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermo-cycling on micro hardness of CAD-CAM Provisional materials. Materials and methods: Three types of provisional restorative materials produced for CAD-CAM systems were examined: Vita CAD Temp (Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany), Telio CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) and Ceramill Temp (Amann Girrbach, Austria). A total of thirty disc specimens with 2 mm thick and 10 mm diameter were produced (n=10). Vickers hardness was measured under a load of 10g for 10s. All specimen groups were subjected to 5000 thermo cycles and hardness measurements repeated. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Hardness values (HV) of CAD-CAM provisional materials decreased after thermo-cycling, however, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion:Thermo-cycling affects the hardness of CAD-CAM provisional materials tested. Thermocycling was directly related to the reduction of microhardness values for the CAD Temp and Ceramill Temp. These findings may support clinicians to advice patients who have to use temporary restorations for a long time to avoid thermal changes in the mouth.
Although short implants are seen as alternative treatments that require additional surgical techniques in posterior region, they can be applied to anterior maxilla and various studies are required on this subject. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the peak von Mises stress distributions in the crown, implant and abutment by using finite element analysis (FEA). Besides, a comparison of the implant-abutment connection types in the short implant with the FEA method was established. A short implant (4 × 5 mm) with a taper-lock connection and a regular implant (4 × 9 mm) with a screw connection were used in maxillary central incisor tooth area. Three different titanium abutments with 0˚, 15˚ and 25˚ angles were used for abutments. In addition, in order to determine whether the stress change in short implants is due to the length of the implant-abutment connection, a screw was designed for a short implant and it was also evaluated in the same three angles. A total of three groups and nine models were generated. 114.6N load was applied to the cingulum area of the crown at an angle of 135˚ to the long axis of the crowns. A torque load of 25 Ncm was applied to the regular and short implant screw. Von Mises stress distributions of implants, abutments and crowns were evaluated by using FEA. Increased angle in implants increased von Mises stress values of implant, abutment and crown. Screw connection was found higher at all angles in short implants. Close values were found at different angles in taper-lock short implant crowns. The length and the angle in the bone of implant with the type of implant-abutment connection results in the accumulated stress values. Clinical Implications Taper implant-abutment connection system was found to be more promising in terms of stress accumulation in crowns. Although the amount of stress on the abutment increased due to the length of the implant in short implants, taper How to cite this paper: Özmen, M.F. and Bayındır, F.
Dikey kemik kaybı olan hastalar, protetik rehabilitasyon için büyük zorluk yaĢamaktadır. Bu Ģekilde olan vakalarda sabit dental protezler, destek diĢlerin yetersizliğinden ve kayıp yumuĢak dokunun telafi gerekliliğinden dolayı tercih edilemeyebilir. Hareketli protezler palatal ve lingual kaplama nedeniyle konforsuz alan oluĢturur. Ġmplant destekli protezler geniĢ kemik kayıplarında sorgulanabilir prognoza sahiptir. Andrews köprü sistemi sabit ve hareketli sistemlerin kombinasyonudur ve geniĢ kret defektlerinde hareketli parçayla birlikte doğal diĢlerin destek olarak kullanıldığı sabit kısımdan oluĢur. 1.Vaka: GeniĢ yumuĢak ve sert doku kaybıyla iliĢkili mandibular premolar bölgede diĢsiz alan Ģikayetiyle Atatürk Üniversitesi DiĢ Hekimliği Fakültesi"ne baĢvuran 37 yaĢındaki erkek hastanın destek olarak seçilen diĢleri tam kuron restorasyon prensiplerine bağlı olarak prepare edildi. 2.Vaka: 2 sene önce trafik kazası geçiren ve bu kaza sonucu maksillada oluĢan kırıkları miniplaklarla fikse edilmiĢ 27 yaĢındaki erkek hasta kliniğimize baĢvurdu. Hastanın maksiller sağ santral kökü çekildi. Hastanın klinik muayenesinde maksilla anterior bölgede dikey ve yatay sert ve yumuĢak doku kayıpları gözlendi. Her iki vakada da aynı iĢlemler yapıldı: Silikon ölçü maddesiyle alınan ölçüler laboratuvara gönderildi. Metal alt yapıların kontrolünden sonra, diĢ ve diĢeti rengine uygun olacak Ģekilde hazırlanan final restorasyonlar hastaya baĢarılı Ģekilde uygulandı. Hastaların 3, 6 ve 12 aylık kontrollerinde estetik ve fonksiyonel olarak protezlerin baĢarılı olduğu görüldü. Andrews köprü sistemi ile özellikle anteriorda geniĢ kemik ve yumuĢak doku kaybı olan genç hastalardaki protetik rehabilitasyonda, estetik ve fonksiyonel olarak memnun edici sonuçlar elde edilebilir. Andrews köprü sistemi, dikkatli teĢhis ve planlama yapıldığında iyi bir prognoz sağlar.
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