Heat treatment is often used to improve the dimensional stability of wood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the physical properties and surface roughness of Turkish Hazel (Corylus colurna L.) wood were examined. Samples obtained from Kastamonu Forest Enterprises, Turkey, were subjected to heat treatment at varying temperatures and for different durations. The physical properties of heat-treated and control samples were tested, and oven-dry density, air-dry density, and swelling properties were determined. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements, using the stylus method, were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (Ra), mean peak-to-valley height (Rz), root mean square roughness (Rq), and maximum roughness (Ry) obtained from the surface of wood were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Significant difference was determined (p = 0.05) between physical properties and surface roughness parameters (Ra,Rz, Ry, Rq) for three temperatures and three
OPEN ACCESSInt. J. Mol. Sci. 2008, 9 1773 durations of heat treatment. The results showed that the values of density, swelling and surface roughness decreased with increasing temperature treatment and treatment times. Turkish Hazel wood could be utilized successfully by applying proper heat treatment techniques without any losses in investigated parameters. This is vital in areas, such as window frames, where working stability and surface smoothness are important factors.
This research was aimed at determining the surface roughness and surface brightness properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood samples to which water-based varnishes were applied after thermo-mechanical densification and heat treatment. Samples; after densifying by compression in the radial direction at two different rates (20 and 40 %) and two different temperatures (110 and 150 °C), samples were subjected to 2 h of heat treatment at 190, 200, and 210 °C. Then, surface of the samples was varnished with one-component (OCW) and two-component (TCW) water-based varnishes. The changes occurring in surface roughness and surface brightness of the samples were determined according to the basis of TS 2495 EN ISO 3274, TS 6212 EN ISO 4288 and TS EN ISO 2813. According to results of the research, surface roughness decreased and surface brightness increased in densified samples. On the other hand, an increase in the heat treatment temperature led to an increase in surface roughness and a decrease in surface brightness. Also, regarding the effect of varnish type on both surface roughness and surface brightness, better results were obtained in the surface OCW applied compared to those TCW applied.
The effects of thermomechanical densification (TMD) and heat treatment on density and Brinell hardness of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis L.) woods were investigated. Samples were densified using a specially designed hydraulic press with target compression ratios of 20 and 40%, and at 110 °C and 150 °C. Then, the heat treatment was applied to the samples at three different temperatures. To determine whether the changes occurred because of technological properties, tests of Brinell hardness and air-dry density were conducted. Increases of 42 and 35% were obtained for the density of Scots pine and beech samples, respectively. After the densification process, increases in radial and tangential hardness values were obtained. Decreases were observed in the density and hardness values of the samples because of the increase in temperature during heat treatment. After heat treatment, there were 4 and 5% decreases in the respective densities of Scots pine and beech, and decreases in their radial and tangential hardness values.
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