Surface treatment with a diamond bur plus a proper adhesive agent is a simple, efficient, and cost-effective procedure for enhancing the shear bond strength of a repaired nano-hybrid resin composite.

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Objective: To evaluate the applicability of Demirjian and Nolla methods for northeastern Turkish population. Material and Method: A retrospective study was performed on panoramic radiographs of 673 subjects aged 5–15.9 years. The mean dental age (DA) according to the Demirjian and Nolla methods were compared to the mean chronological age (CA). Results: The mean CA of the study sample was 10.37±2.90 and 10.03±2.81 years for females and males, respectively. Using the Demirjian method, the mean estimated DA was 11.26±3.02 years for females and 10.87±2.96 years for males. For Nolla method, the mean estimated DA was 9.80±3.41 and 9.53±3.14 years for females and males, respectively. The mean differences between the CA and DA according to the Demirjian and Nolla methods were 0.86 and -0.54 years for total study sample. Conclusion: Nolla method was found to be a more accurate method for estimating DA in northeastern Turkish population. Key words:Dental age, demirjian method, nolla method, chronological age.

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The aims of this study were to evaluate condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal mandibular vertical asymmetry in a group of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients and compared with subjects with a 'normal' occlusion. Mandibular asymmetry index (condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal) and gonial angle measurements were examined on panoramic radiographs. The study groups comprised 20 unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients (10 males and 10 females; mean age 13.03 +/- 3.33 years), 20 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients (10 males and 10 females; mean age 13.73 +/- 3.53 years), and a control group of 20 subjects (9 males and 11 females; mean age 14.35 +/- 2.46 years) with a normal occlusion. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used to determine statistically significant differences between the groups for condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal asymmetry index measurements at the 95 per cent confidence interval. None of the investigated groups showed statistically significant gender differences for posterior vertical height measurements (P > 0.05). Asymmetry indices were similar, with no statistically significant differences found in any of the groups. However, gonial angle showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the UCLP group and condylar height (CH) in the BCLP patients (P < 0.001). Except for CH measurement in the BCLP group, CLP patients have symmetrical mandibles when compared with a normal occlusion sample.