Bilgin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Background: In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the use of spreader and determine the efficacy and superiority of different spreader techniques in septorhinoplasty in terms of nasal and olfactory functions. Methods: A total of 60 patients who had undergone septorhinoplasty with the open technique were included in the study. In addition to open septorhinoplasty, 20 patients also underwent bilateral spreader graft placement and 20 bilateral spreader flap placement. For the remaining 20 patients, open septorhinoplasty was performed without spreader grafts or flaps. The patients completed the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale consisting of five questions, and the Brief Smell Identification Test was used to detect olfactory dysfunction. Results: The preoperative mean NOSE score of all patients was 10.87 (1-18), while the postoperative mean value was 1.83 (0-10). The preoperative mean olfactory score was 6.23 AE 2.20 in all patients while it was 7.33 AE 1.75 postoperatively. There was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative NOSE and olfactory scores in all patients, but no statistically significant difference was observed between the three groups. Conclusion: Spreader graft or flap techniques used in septorhinoplasty are safe in terms of nasal obstruction and olfactory function, and there is no statistically significant difference between them.

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The preoperative and postoperative pure-tone hearing thresholds and anatomical graft success of pediatric patients who underwent chronic otitis mediasurgery with various indications were evaluated and the factors affecting success were examined.Pediatric patients aged 6 to 18 years, who underwent ear surgery for various reasons between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2020 were included in the study. All patients included in the sample were assessed in terms of age (\ 13 and C 13 years), disease type (cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, adhesive otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, isolated or traumatic tympanic membrane perforation), surgery performed (type 1 tympanoplasty, canal wall-up mastoidectomy, and exploratory tympanotomy), condition of the contralateral ear (unilateral/bilateral disease), graft material (temporal muscle fascia/tragal cartilage), preoperative and postoperative pure-tone audiometry thresholds and hearing gains, and postoperative sixth-month functional and anatomical graft success. Anatomical graft success and functional success were also evaluated according to the type of surgery performed, type of disease, type of fascia used in surgery, condition of the contralateral ear, and age. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of anatomical graft success and functional success according to the type of surgery performed (p = 0.414 and p = 0.123, respectively) and type of disease (p = 0.454 and p = 0.097, respectively). There was also no statistically significant difference between the anatomical and functional success of temporal muscle fascia and conchal cartilage grafts (p = 0.833 and p = 0.565, respectively). While no statistically significant difference was observed in graft success between the patients with and without contralateral ear disease, there was a statistically significant difference in functional success (p = 0.188 and p = 0.014, respectively). Although not statistically significant, it was observed that the anatomical graft success rates were decreased in patients with contralateral ear disease compared to those without bilateral disease (p = 0.188). There was no significant difference between age and anatomical graft success (p = 0.865) or functional success (p = 0.956). The type of disease in the diagnosed ear, presence of disease in the contralateral ear, and graft material used affect functional and anatomical graft success rates. Therefore, we believe that pediatric patients should be evaluated considering these factors in the preoperative period and the parents of these patients should be well informed about possible postoperative conditions & Deniz Baklaci

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