Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death. The discovery of new generations of low-cost anticancer drugs with high efficacy and low toxicity is necessary, and is only possible by screening medicinal plants with prior knowledge.

No abstract

Water clusters", group of water molecules held together by hydrogen bonds, have been the subject of a number of intense experimental and theoretical investigations because of their importance in understanding cloud and ice formation, solution chemistry, and a large number of biochemical processes. "Water clusters" can play an important role in the stabilization of supramolecular systems both in solution and in the solid state and there is clearly a need for chemists a better understanding of how such aggregates influence the overall structure of their surroundings. The present brief review deals with (H 2 O) n clusters, identified/observed crystallographically upon 170 crystal structures of synthesized coordination compounds based upon proton transfer compounds by Hossein Aghabozorg's research groups since 2000. The structural details of water clusters, (H 2 O) n , n = 2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,15,16 and are described systematically.

Magnetic Resonance imaging (MR imaging) as a powerful non-invasive modality is of high global interest for early cancer detection. The aim of this study was the synthesis of nanodendrimer and its conjugate with monoclonal antibody C595 against breast cancer cell, followed by its chelating with gadolinium for its magnetic property. First, anti-MUC-1 monoclonal antibody C595 was coupled to a biodegradable biocompatible Anionic Linear Globular Dendrimer G 2 (having polyethylene glycol core and citric acid shell). Then prepared nanocomplex loaded by gadolinium to make novel agent of functional MR imaging. Anticancer effects and MR imaging parameters of the prepared nanoconjugate was investigated under in vitro conditions doing performing several studies such as evaluation of monoclonal antibody C595 binding to mucine-1 (MUC-1) cell, its purification, size of nanoconjugate and relaxivity measurements. The obtained data showed a powerful relaxations as well as selective MUC-1 antigen binding to the cell. Based on the findings from the present research Gd 3+-ALGDG 2-C595 nano-probe may be a potential breast molecular imaging and therapeutic agent. However, further investigations by in vivo studies and clinical trials are in the pipeline.

In this pandemic SARS-CoV-2 crisis, any attempt to contain and eliminate the virus will also stop its spread and consequently decrease the risk of severe illness and death. While ozone treatment has been suggested as an effective disinfection process, no precise mechanism of action has been previously reported. This study aimed to further investigate the effect of ozone treatment on SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, virus collected from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab and sputum samples from symptomatic patients was exposed to ozone for different exposure times. The virus morphology and structure were monitored and analyzed through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), and ATR-FTIR. The obtained results showed that ozone treatment not only unsettles the virus morphology but also alters the virus proteins’ structure and conformation through amino acid disturbance and Zn ion release from the virus non-structural proteins. These results could provide a clearer pathway for virus elimination and therapeutics preparation.

Scope of this study is to synthesize a nano-dendrimer and its conjugate with C595 MAb against breast cancer cell, followed by its chelating agent with Gd 3+ . At the end, its use as a dual nanosized probe for detection and treatment was investigated.Anti-MUC-1 MAb C595 was coupled to a biodegradable biocompatible anionic linear globular dendrimer, ALGDG2, Poly ethylene glycol PEG core and citric acid shell followed by loading with Gd 3+ to make novel MR imaging contrast agents. Anticancer effects and MR imaging parameters of the prepared nanoconjugate was investigated in vitro: cell toxicity, apoptosis and TNF-alpha, hemolysis, LDH evaluations as well as toxicity, biodistribution and MR imaging of cancer place were investigated.Results showed good tumor accumulation and detection, no in vivo toxicity, and potential selective anti-breast cancer activity. In conclusion, findings of this study showed that Gd 3+ -ALGDG 2 -C595 nano-probe is potentially both, a selective breast molecular imaging tool as well as a therapeutic agent. Further, subsequent clinical trials appear warranted.

Perlite nanoparticles were prepared, modified with Lewis acidic ionic liquid, and used as a highly efficient catalyst for the eco-friendly, solvent free and high yield synthesis of xanthenes via a multicomponent reaction.

Benzimidazolium based on dicationic acidic ionic liquid (AIL)is designed, synthesized, and successfully used as a catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of α-aminophosphonates derivatives. The application of this acidic ionic liquid is studied in a new one-pot method for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates derivatives under solvent-free conditions. The advantages of this method are the reusability of the catalyst, high conversion, short reaction time, and simple experimental procedure.