Data on the clinical presentation and outcomes of sarcoidosis patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) are scarce. In this case series, we identified 5 out of 238 sarcoidosis patients who are enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal observational study who developed COVID-19 during the study period and follow their clinical course. Four patients recovered completely, whereas one patient expired during hospital admission. Our preliminary experience suggests that African American patients with chronic sarcoidosis treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy do not seem to be at increased risk of respiratory or life-threatening complications from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared with the general population, although at the present time, we advocate for maintaining a high level of vigilance and strict follow-up in this patient population.
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are not solely diseases of childhood. We describe the clinical presentation and outcome for 55 adult patients with previously unrecognized PIDs. This series provides unique data regarding PIDs presenting in adulthood, and serves as a timely reminder that physicians must consider the diagnosis of PIDs in their adult patients. Using the experience gained from these patients, we outline key "warning signs" suggestive of an underlying PID. Only through increased physician awareness will patients with PIDs receive timely diagnosis and optimal management.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and its associated risk factors. The susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were tested against four first-line antituberculous drugs and were typed by spoligotyping. Spoligotyping of M. tuberculosis strains resulted in 95 different patterns that were divided into three evolutionary groups (1–3). Eighty-six (90%) of the isolates had unique patterns that were reported for the first time. Interestingly, 9.4% of the strains belonged to the Beijing family. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was seen in group 1 of the evolutionary scenario. All M. tuberculosis isolates belonging to the Beijing family were associated with a resistance pattern. MDR was much higher in bacteria isolated from Afghan TB patients residing in Iran.
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