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a b s t r a c t a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (rp-hplc) method was developed and validated for the analysis of honeybee venom samples and drug products containing honeybee venom. the validation parameters were linearity, sensitivity, precision, and recovery. melittin is the main component of honeybee venom was extracted with pure water, and then evaluated by rp-hplc with a photodiode array (pda) detector. separation of the samples was achieved on a europa protein c 18 column with linear gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid at 25°c. there was a flow rate of 1 ml/min. detection was set at 220 nm. limits of detection (lod) and quantification (loQ) for melittin were 1.1 and 3.2 µg/ml, respectively. the amount of melittin in honeybee venom samples ranged from 21.9 to 66.4 %.

This study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Rosa canina (R. canina) extract on streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes in rats by measuring the fasting blood glucose (FBG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and liver enzyme activity, including serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Forty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and treated daily for 42 days as follows: group I (control) received saline as a vehicle; group II (diabetic) received saline; groups III and IV (diabetic) treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day R. canina extract, respectively. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg BW). At the end of the study, blood samples were collected via heart puncture and sera were used for estimation of the mentioned parameters. Then all the rats were sacrificed and their livers used for histopathological evaluations. In the untreated diabetic group, the results showed a significant increase in FBG, ALT, and AST levels compared to the other groups (p < .05). The level of TAC decreased in this group, but not significantly compared to the other groups (p > .05). In the treated groups, administration of R. canina extract significantly improved the mentioned parameters in a dose-dependent manner (p < .05). Histological evaluations indicated that R. canina extract ameliorated defective liver caused by STZ. It can be concluded that R. canina extract has a hepatoprotective effect in STZ-induced diabetes in rats.

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