INTRODUCTION Reports of drug use and poor sleep quality have increased among university students. These factors can negatively affect the quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between drug consumption, sleep quality and quality of life in dormitory students at Allameh Tabataba'i University. METHODS The present study is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consisted of 240 females and 180 men who were randomly selected and living in student dormitories of Allameh Tabataba'i University. The PSQI questionnaire, ASSIST questionnaire and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey were completed by students to assess their sleep quality, drug use, and quality of life, respectively. Data were analyzed using
Aging is a complex process of physiological and social changes that leads to various diseases. The number of elderly people in the world is increasing dramatically and it should be noted that rapid population aging represents a major public health burden. On the other hand, providing an appropriate and low-cost approach to control and prevent complications such as chronic diseases, physical dysfunction, and the geriatric syndrome is necessary. Also, numerous studies have shown that participation in physical activity and exercise training reduces the incidence of dysfunctional capacity, cardiovascular and metabolic disease, as well as the premature death rate in older adults. After plenty of precise observations about the role of exercise on aging-related diseases and geriatric syndromes articles, the benefits of exercise and physical activity in older adults will be more tangible. Therefore, the first purpose of the present review was to investigate the mechanisms of PA and exercises that are involved in the prevention of aging-related diseases and GS using current evidence (from 2015 onwards). Also, the purpose of this study was to provide an exercise guideline (aerobic and resistance training) based on recent evidence (from 2015 onwards). El envejecimiento es un proceso complejo de cambios fisiológicos y sociales que conduce a diversas enfermedades. El número de personas de edad avanzada en el mundo está aumentando drásticamente y cabe señalar que el rápido envejecimiento de la población representa una importante carga para la salud pública. Por otro lado, es necesario brindar un enfoque adecuado y de bajo costo para controlar y prevenir complicaciones como enfermedades crónicas, disfunción física y síndrome geriátrico. Además, numerosos estudios han demostrado que la participación en la actividad física y el entrenamiento físico reduce la incidencia de disfunciones, enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas, así como la tasa de muerte prematura en los adultos mayores. Después de muchas observaciones precisas sobre el papel del ejercicio en los artículos sobre enfermedades relacionadas con el envejecimiento y síndromes geriátricos, los beneficios del ejercicio y la actividad física en los adultos mayores serán más tangibles. Por lo tanto, el primer propósito de la presente revisión fue investigar los mecanismos de actividad física y ejercicios que están involucrados en la prevención de enfermedades relacionadas con el envejecimiento y síndrome geriátrico utilizando la evidencia actual (de 2015 en adelante). Además, el propósito de este estudio fue proporcionar una guía de ejercicio (entrenamiento aeróbico y de resistencia) basada en evidencia reciente (de 2015 en adelante).
Backgroundː Dementia is one of the common geriatric syndromes that increase disability and dependency among older people worldwide. Physical activity can be considered as a simple approach to delay its onset and control the development. This study was conducted to examine the association between the level of physical activity and risk of dementia among Iranian elderly people living in nursing homes in Tehran. MethodsːThe present study was a cross-sectional with a descriptive correlational design. To collect data, anthropometrics, body composition indices and blood pressure of subjects were measured and recorded. Then, questionnaires were completed by interviewers to screen and assess dementia and the amount of physical activity. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software at a significant level of P <0.05. Resultsː Classification of subjects on the basis of Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE) score showed that 49.5% of subjects were dementia-free while 50.4% showed the sign of cognitive impairment. The comparison between the groups highlighted that physical activity and the level of education was lower in the elderly with dementia while the age was higher. Also, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis showed there were positive and significant relationship between physical activity (r=0.36, P<0.01) and education (r=0.61, p<0.01) with dementia score in the elderly, while there was a negative correlation between age and dementia score (p<0.01). In addition, a negative significant relationship between age and the level of physical activity was detected (r=-0.27, p<0.01). After controlling the age and education factors, physical activity could able to explain 6.6% of cognitive changes (P<0.001). One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that cognitive impairment was higher in the elderly with low physical activity (P<0.001).Conclusionː Regular exercise and an active lifestyle were associated with a decreased risk of dementia. Therefore, managers of nursing homes should develop effective health and exercise programs as well as providing proper environments to persuade their residents toward an active lifestyle.
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in adipocytokine concentrations and the correlation between adipocytokines and body fat percentage after endurance training in obese girls. Methods. This was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, in which 19 overweight girls aged 8-12 years were randomly selected. Anthropometric and blood indices were assessed before and after the intervention. Results. The average leptin level (p = 0.016) and fat percentage (p = 0.002) were significantly reduced after 12 weeks of moderate-intensity endurance training, whereas the average adiponectin levels (p = 0.012) were significantly increased. There was a reverse correlation between adiponectin levels and bMI (p = 0.018), body fat percentage (p = 0.015), and leptin concentrations (p = 0.025). Conclusions. considering the adipocytokine improvement and body fat percentage reduction observed in this study, one can state that moderate-intensity endurance training has a role in the prevention of obesity-related diseases such as metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate lipid profile and hepatic enzymes difference between pre-diabetes and normal subjects.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 264 employees of Energy Industries Engineering & Design (EIED) Company were randomly selected and participated in the study in January 2019.A sample of 10 mL of venous blood was obtained between 8 a.m. and 10 a.m. Blood analyses for fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were determined by enzymatic methods. Body composition and anthropometric indices were measured and recorded using the OMRON BF511 device and tape measure.Achievements of This Study:TG, the LDL/HDL ratio, and the ALT were significantly higher in the pre-diabetes group. Also, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio were significantly higher in pre-diabetic women than in normoglycemic women.According to the results of this study suggested that the risk of cardiovascular and liver diseases in people with pre-diabetes increases and the intervention of lifestyle such as increased levels of physical activity and exercise to prevent diabetes and related complications.
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