Natural mucilage is utilized in drug delivery systems (DDS) to accomplish a variety of duties, including directly or indirectly regulating the rate and amount of drug release in specific circumstances. Gums are biomolecules composed of carbohydrates that may attract water and form gels. Proteins and minerals are typically found in the creation of the gums. Gums exist in a number of types, including mucilage gums, seed gums, exudate gums, and others. Plant gums are among the most important gums because of their bioavailability. Excipients are being used in unique dosage forms to fill specific tasks as a result of advances in drug delivery technology. In some cases, these additives have a direct or indirect effect on the amount and/or rate of drug release and absorption. Given the present trend toward the use of natural goods derived from plants, the substitution of synthetic additives with natural ones is important. The world is getting increasingly interested in natural drugs and excipients. Natural mucilage has advantages over synthetic mucilage because it is more easily available, less expensive, and chemically inert. They now compete with several polymeric materials for use as diverse drugs and have advanced from being an excipient to cutting-edge drug carriers. Extensive research has gone into the development of safe and effective natural-based mucilage particulate drug delivery systems. Natural gums and mucilage are examined, as well as their isolation, purification, standardization, and characterization properties, as well as their applications. This article provides an overview of natural excipients used in both traditional dosage forms and innovative drug delivery systems.
Aromatic plants possessing medicinal and bioactive features are the optimistic treatments for irremediable diseases like Leishmaniasis and vitiligo. Leishmaniasis, a lethal disease with over 350 million affected people, has made it a growing concern due to its non-effectual drugs and increasing pathogenic resistance. While vitiligo with globally 1% inhabitants suffering from an autoimmune disorder of depigmentation as macules on skin. Both diseases have two common characteristics: affecting the quality of life; chances of relapse due to ineffectiveness and short-lived treatments. For leishmaniasis, pentavalent antimonials in intravenous mode are the propitious large-scale approach; oral drug miltefosine and liposomal amphotericin B have been in use for a long term. Various combination therapies of paromomycin, sitamaquine, and pentamidine with antimonials up to some extent have delimited the degree of reoccurrence. However, the cost-ineffectiveness, short-term, and detrimental side effects are the roots of failure. Treatment via topical drugs, phototherapies, and surgeries has delimited effectiveness for vitiligo. This review studies the therapeutic approach of a total of 16 essential oils from plants in treating Leishmaniasis and vitiligo with efficacy and long-term effects. Among the 6 EOs notable effect of Bergamot oil with nano-lipid formulations manifested potential for permanent repigmentation. This review also noted the promising potentiality of essential oil mono-therapies, its combination utilities with current drugs could be the active and potential approach to treatment. Such as the combination anti-leishmanial effect of Curcumin and eucalyptus essential oil with miltefosine and glucantime respectively. The phenomenal effects of essential oil from Tetradenia riparia suggested notable anti-leishmanial and immunological responses towards Leishmania and could be utilized as an Anti-leishmanial drug with further insights.
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