The greengram genotyope COGG 902 is a hybrid derivative of WGG 37 x CO 5. The culture recorded an average seed yield of 982 kg ha" with 25.4, 20.4 and 20.7 per cent increased yield over Vamban 1 (783 kg ha'), CO 5 (815 kg ha¹) and KM 2 (814 kg ha) respectively. It showed resistance to yellow mosaic virus. It is suited for sowing during June-July, Sept-Oct, and Feb-March in all the districts of Tamil Nadu except Nilgiris and Kanyakumari. Hence the culture COGG 902 was released as CO 6 green gram for commercial cultivation in Tamil Nadu during 1999.
Finger millet is commonly called “nutritious millet” as the grains are nutritiously superior to many cereals providing fair amount of protein, minerals, calcium and vitamins. The protein of finger millet is considered to be “biologically complete” as in the case of milk. For the utilization of saline lands, it is essential to manage the salinity or to grow crops and their varieties resistant to salinity. Reclamation of saline soils is a time taking and costly affair. Hence, it is urgently needed to identify crops and their genotypes which can resist salinity. Considering the importance of finger millet as food and its general capacity to withstand salinity, forty genotypes of finger millet were screened for salinity tolerance at seedling stage with ½ MS basal medium having four levels of salinity viz., 3000, 6000, 9000 and 12000 ppm along with control. Germination percentage and seedling parameters viz., fresh weight, shoot length, root length, seedling length and dry weight were recorded on 20thand 30 thday after inoculation. Considering all the seedling characters together, the genotype AF 459 showed superiority for all the five characters studied. Germination of this genotype was also found to be least affected at 3000 and 6000 ppm salt concentration. Besides at 9000 ppm, it showed less than 15% reduction in germination compared to control. The seedlings of genotype AF 269 showed higher fresh and dry weight at 3000 ppm salt concentration compared to control, while the genotypes TNAU 1008 and GS 159 had a higher root length both at 3000 and 6000ppm salt concentrations. Besides the genotypes AF 269, TNAU 1008 and GS 159 also showed lesser population reduction at 3000 and 6000 ppm salt concentration.
An experiment was conducted to characterize 31 pearl millet genotypes with 28 morphological traits using DUS descriptors at the Department of Millets, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during Kharif 2019. The landrace Kizikuppam local was found to have a very long leaf length and a medium leaf width, indicating a high leaf area index, an important physiological trait that could be employed in future breeding programmes. The genotypes PT 6067, PT 6707, PT 6710, Cumbu 1, Uthangarai local and Shoolagiri local had compact panicle, an important ordinal trait for yield improvement. Small, yellow-brown color and elliptical shaped seeds were noted in Kuttu Cumbu 1, Kuttu Cumbu 2, Kuttu Cumbu 3, and Pothu Cumbu, which could be used to promote the variation in the base population. The early flowering nature of these genotypes might incorporate drought resistance. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster (AHC) analysis showed PT 6582, Kizikuppam local, Uthangarai local, and Dhanashakti were placed under cluster VI with maximum cluster mean for single plant yield. Superior classification of these genotypes for plant growth habit, leaf sheath length, leaf blade length, leaf blade width, panicle exertion, panicle length, panicle girth, number of productive tillers, plant height, panicle density and thousand seed weight indicated the importance of these ordinal traits in yield improvement by using the genotypes of this cluster. The Shannon-Wiener index was high for the time of spike emergence, thousand seed weight, leaf blade length, panicle shape, panicle density and seed color.
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