Placenta is a unique organ which arise de novo, directly related to the growth and development of the foetus in the uterus. A thorough examination of the placenta inutero, as well as post-partum, gives valuable information about the state of the foetal well being. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension is a well recognized obstetric hazard and observed more frequently in developing countries. OBJECTIVES: The present study was undertaken to analyze placental changes in the pregnancy induced hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS: thirty placentae of mothers with uncomplicated pregnancy as control group and thirty with pregnancy induced hypertension as study group were studied with gross examination and histologically. RESULTS: Gross examination revealed presence of smaller placentae with foci of calcification and infarction in study group. On light microscopic examination, the striking villous abnormalities were observed in the study group which included increased Syncytial knots formation, fibrinoid necrosis, stromal fibrosis, hyalinized villi, altered villous vascularity (hypo vascularity), cytotrophoblastic cell proliferation, endarteritis obliterans, intervillous haemorrhage and basement membrane thickening. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy induced hypertension immensely affected placenta which may be responsible for wore postnatal outcomes. This study is of particular importance for Pathologists, Embryologists and Gynaecologists.

We report the low incidence of hepatic VOD in pediatric patients with various diagnoses including hematologic malignancies and non-malignant conditions transplanted at our institution. Retrospective review of 188 patients who underwent HSCT and received a combined prophylactic regimen of intravenous heparin, oral glutamine, and ursodiol was undertaken. Analysis of the outcome of VOD revealed only one clinical case with acute myeloid leukemia; the patient developed hepatic VOD 10 days after receiving myeloablative chemotherapy with busulfan and CTX followed by HLA-matched related peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The low incidence of hepatic VOD in an otherwise high-risk pediatric transplant population is an important observation, which may be partly attributed to this prophylactic regimen, and warrants further randomized clinical trials for confirmation.

Objective: Early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is desirable not only to better define pathobiological mechanisms, but also to customize treatment protocols. As osteopontin (OPN) expression may be linked to the fibrotic remodelling in ILD, this present study was planned to evaluate the usefulness of its estimation in serum for the diagnosis of ILD.Material and Methods: Serum OPN levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 52 diagnosed cases of ILD, that were then compared with 46 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and 46 apparently healthy controls.Results: Median levels of serum OPN were found to be significantly higher in patients with ILD, 2.186 nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml), as compared to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and healthy controls (1.687 and 1.923 ng/ml, respectively). The best cutoff levels of OPN, for diagnosis of ILD, was found to be >1.08 ng/ml; with a sensitivity of 88.4% and specificity of 32.6%. Of the various subtypes, serum OPN levels were found to be highest in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features; although the difference in levels between various subgroups was not found to be statistically significant (p-value=0.495).Conclusion: Serum concentration of OPN was found to be increased in patients with ILD and may be used to aid diagnosis. This opens new avenues for future research in patients with ILD, not only for the validation of the diagnostic abilities of OPN, but also as a potential target in its treatment.

There few studies which tried to corelate biparietal diameter and gestational age in which an increase in biparietal diameter with the increase in gestational age was found but there was a discrepancy between 17 week of pregnancy and term and which is approximately 3 weeks. We conducted the present study to compare the gestational age and femur length and biparietal diameter in the population of Chhattisgarh state of India.A total of 380 pregnant females were enrolled for the study. They were between the 20 weeks to 38 weeks of gestation with their age ranging from 18-35 years.In the present study we observed a total of 158 cases in 2 trimester i.e. ranging from 20 to 27 weeks and 220 cases were in 3 trimester of pregnancy. Mean of BPD and FL observed was 73.1 and 56.2 respectively. The standard deviation and standard error of mean for biparietal diameter and femur length were 12.8, 11.6 and 0.63, 0.57 respectively.All parameters of present study are found to be highly correlated with gestational age. (r=, 0.987, 0.980 for, FL and BPD respectively).