Background. Needlestick and sharp injuries are a big risk to the health of nurses. Every day, nurses face the likelihood that they will injure themselves. Although many injuries will have no adverse effect, the possibility of acquiring infections like hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and human immunodeficiency virus can cause untold psychological harm. Nurses are in danger of injuries caused by needlestick and sharp instruments in hospitals. Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of needlestick and/or sharp injuries among nurses working at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 268 nurses working at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from February to March 2018. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to spot factors associated with needlestick and/or sharp injury. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance. Result. The prevalence of needlestick and/or sharp injuries among nurses was 36.2% (95% CI 30.2%, 42.3%). Presence of contaminated needles and/or sharp materials in the working area ( AOR = 2.052 (95% CI 1.110, 3.791)), needle recapping after use ( AOR = 1.780 (95% CI 1.025, 3.091)), working in the pediatric ward ( AOR = 0.323 (95% CI 0.112, 0.930)), and being female ( AOR = 0.461 (95% CI 0.252, 0.845)) were significantly associated with needlestick and/or sharp injury at p value of ≤0.05. Conclusion and Recommendation. The proportion of needlestick and/or sharp injury was high among nurses. The safety of nurses depends directly on the degree to which nurses can identify and control the numerous occupational hazards specific to jobs. Thus, working unit specific safety precautions, a safe working environment, and appropriate needle and sharp disposal improve nurses’ safety practices and thereby decrease the injuries.
Introduction: Fall injuries are an important public health concern and remain a growing health problem globally. Falls are predicted to rise in rank compared to other causes of death, to become the 17th leading cause of death by 2030 unless necessary intervention is given. Purpose: This study was aimed to assess the pattern, outcomes of fall injuries, and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed to review a patient's registration chart from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Data were collected using a structured checklist developed from previous similar studies. The checked data were entered into Epi data 4.1 versions. Then, it was exported to SPSS 25 versions for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. In the multivariate logistic regression predictors having a P-value < 0.05 were considered to be statistically associated. Results: A total of 331 patients' charts were reviewed. The most common outcome of falling injury was alive 284 (85.8%) while death accounts for 47 (14.2%). Among injured body parts, extremity accounts for around one-fourth, 88 (26.6%), followed by head injury 68 (20.5%). In multivariate logistic regression, those patients aged ≥65 years had 6.15 times more likely to die than those patients aged between 15 and 30 years (AOR 6.15; 95% CI 2.82-14.37, P=0.015), and participants with comorbidity were 1.6 times more likely to die than to be discharged (AOR 1.60; 95% CI, 1.01-5.09, P=0.005) due to falling injury, whereas patient's occupation, marital status, and sex had no significant association with outcomes of a fall injury. Conclusion:The most common outcomes of fall injury were discharged with improvement even though there was a high death rate. Extremity injuries were the most common pattern of injury. Fall is high-risk mortality in the older age group. Furthermore, patient with comorbidity, fall from height and injury to spinal cord and poly-trauma is more likely to die relative to other patients.
Background Abdominal trauma is a major public health problem for all nations and all socioeconomic strata and associated with high morbidity and mortality in the world. Abdominal injury is classified as blunt and penetrating trauma. The main problems for inadequate treatment outcome are misdiagnosis and delayed arrival of patients to health institutions. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the pattern and outcome of abdominal trauma in AaBET hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 2021 to April 2021. Method: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among abdominal trauma patients admitted in AaBET hospital emergency department from January 2018 to January 2021. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured checklist from patient`s chart review. The data was checked for its’ completeness and entered into Epi data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 25 software for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to describe frequency distribution and associations between independent variables respectively. Result Penetrating abdominal injury 58.9% was the greatest proportion of mechanism of abdominal injury. Stab injury 40(55.56%) was the major cause of penetrating injury. Road traffic accident 24(47.1%) was the commonest cause of blunt abdominal trauma. Bowel 41(62.1%) was the highly injured hollow viscous organ in penetrating abdominal trauma and liver 7(38.9%) was the commonest injured solid organ in blunt abdominal trauma. Conclusion Among 124 abdominally injured patient 10(8.1%) died. GCS < 9, post-operative hemodynamic complication, past medical history of illness and bowel evisceration were significantly associated with mortality.
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