The main objective of this study was to explore the types and nature of climate induced human displacement and migration, and their socioeconomic consequences in the agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh. The study followed a qualitative research design, where six agro-ecological zones were selected purposively from different parts of Bangladesh. A multi-method data collection method was applied, where the study conducted six participatory rural appraisals (PRAs), eight focus group discussions (FGDs), 24 key informant interviews (KIIs) and 12 in-depth case studies. Data were collected in 2012, and the study used a thematic approach for data analysis. Results showed that the dramatic onset disasters usually caused mass displacement, while the slow onset disasters affected the environment, local ecosystem services and employment opportunities that forced people to undergo routine economic migration at first, followed later by permanent migration. This permanent migration had long-term negative consequences on their livelihoods in terms of poverty, and especially for women, the elderly and those with a disability. It is concluded that while the study focuses on Bangladesh, the implications are international in scope. The findings serve as important guidelines to policy makers, disaster managers and development practitioners.
Md Shamsuddoha and Rezaul Karim Chowdhury critically review the key elements of the UNFCCC Climate Change Conference held in Bali, Indonesia in December 2007, which was intended to formulate a climate action roadmap to replace the Kyoto Protocol in 2012. They argue that the transition plan for replacing the Kyoto Protocol aims to engage big business and the global financial institutions without committing any parties to tangible emissions cuts. They counter the concept of ‘climate commercialization’ on which Bali climate talks eventually fell, and argue the urgency of the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Development (2008) 51, 397–402. doi:10.1057/dev.2008.43
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