Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry has been facing a period of profound uncertainty. Particularly, tour operators have suffered from the uncertainty the most as they depend directly on others including supply-side (e.g., airlines, hotels) and demandside (e.g., tourists) of tourism and also on destination management authorities. Uncertainties regarding situations and decisions from all these counterparts led the tour operators to a great vulnerability in Bangladesh. Many tour operators adopted resilience strategies that ultimately helped them survive. This study explores resilience and adaptive management strategies adopted by tour operators in Bangladesh. The study draws on qualitative semi-structured interviews with tour operators. The empirical evidence identifies three broader types of resilience strategies that helped tour operators in Bangladesh to survive during the COVID-19 uncertainty: innate resilience, internally-induced resilience, and externally-induced resilience.Apart from contributing to the COVID-19 tourism resilience literature, the study would enable tour operators, government agencies and other relevant stakeholders to work together in order to better address the uncertainty during COVID-19 pandemic and also when implementing initiatives to revive the sector in the changed reality after the pandemic.
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