The objective of this study was to find out the influence of soil nutrition on the composition of volatile oils of Porophyllum ruderale subsp. macrocephalum and Porophyllum ruderale subsp. ruderale. The seedlings were transplanted into pots containing sand as substrate. Every seven days, different Hoagland solutions were applied: Complete solution and solution lacking, respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and a control. The experiment was done in a randomized block with eight treatments and five replicates. For biometrics, height, leaf area and dry mass of shoots were analyzed. The average was compared by Tukey test (5%) probability. Aerial parts were collected and oil was extracted by hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus for 4 h. The major components of P. ruderale subsp. ruderale were trans-β-ocimene monoterpene, limonene and hydrocarbon undecene. As for the P. ruderale subsp. macrocephalum, the major component was monoterpene limonene and undecene hydrocarbon. The results of biometric analyses in this work showed that the two species have different growth. Treatments without nitrogen, phosphorus and the control had the lowest average and increased undecene content in the two subspecies. The chemical composition of volatile oils nutrition did not interfere significantly in their composition. Monoterpene limonene was the highest in macrocephalum subspecies.
Abstract:The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Piper ovatum Vahl by hydrodistillation was analyzed by GC-MS. The main constituents found were δ-amorphene (16.5 %), cis-muurola-4(14),5-diene (14.29 %) and γ-muurolene (13.26%). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Hydroalcoholic extracts of different parts of Piper ovatum Vahl, essential oil and amides isolated from leaves were tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Candida species. All extracts and amides were active against Bacillus subtilis and Candida tropicalis, including clinical strains. Essential oil was active against C. tropicalis. These amides showed an inhibitory effect on the adherence of C. tropicalis ATCC 28707 on cover glasses at 10 µg/mL, but did not show morphological alterations at the tested concentrations. Amides were identified as piperovatine and piperlonguminine, and showed MIC values of 15.6 and 31.2 µg/mL to B. subtilis and 3.9 µg/mL to C. tropicalis, and low toxic effects to Vero cells and macrophages.
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