Regional institutions remain a spring board for the development of the rural council areas in the North West Region of Cameroon. An example is the Grassfield Participatory and Decentralized Rural Development Project, GP-DERUDEP operating in the North West region of Cameroon. These institutions carry out innovations in the council area development process. Today, with specific or common development policies they make significant contributions to the council area development process. They use the council areas as the unit for development activities and international institutions, the local councils, village organizations and the council area population as their partners in development. This study brings to focus the policies and actions as well as the performance of GP-DERUDEP, a regional development institution analyzing its contributions in the development process. The methodology consisted of a study of published and unpublished scientific documents and project institutional reports on development activities in the various council areas. This was completed with field survey in project areas. The result is revealing as evidence in the council areas show a significant innovation of the development process through capacity building of beneficiaries and the construction of socio economic infrastructure. But there is need for a close monitoring of the realizations especially the physical infrastructure if sustainable quality service provision is to be assured.
Rapid and uncontrolled urbanization in several parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), has introduced a plethora of urban development challenges. This has left city governments ‘standing in their sleep’, as they strive to deal such issues. A classic example is solid waste management – with waste considered to be principally an urban problem. While the issue of waste has been belaboured in the literature, there is a dearth in geographical literature on the institutional dynamics of solid waste management. Viewed as structures and processes, institutions demonstrate potentials to determine the intentions and actions of urban waste managers and urban dwellers, within the waste management spectrum. Taking the case of Bamenda – a primate city par excellence – this paper explores the dynamics of institutions and their implications for solid waste management. Specifically, it explores the waste management institutional transition and its bearing on current and potentially, future waste management practices. Household surveys, complemented by expert interviews provided data for the study. Through narratives and descriptive statistics, we observed that despite the litany of institutions involved in solid waste management and their related institutional frameworks, their effectiveness remains questionable. This rests, in part, on the inadequacy in personnel, and the lack of law enforcement in the courts and city judiciary systems. The ineffectiveness of these instruments in the Bamenda Municipality is as a result of weak legal institutional setup, the absence of courts and a city judiciary system to handle environmental issues (solid waste), irregular or poorly enforced laws, inaccessible neighbourhood, and organizational lapses. Furthermore, the socio-political climate, characterised by insecurity, mars the effective implementation of waste management approaches. This paper argues that the institutional change process in waste management should strive towards the introduction of economic incentives that can motivate urban dwellers to fully engage in the process. Further empirical evidence on the right business-oriented waste management models are required to ground this claim.
Land resources constitute one of the most indispensable resources and the ultimate prerequisites for the survival and prosperity of humankind on the earth surface. Management is very indispensible for sustainability and livelihoods of resources and population respectively. The aim of the study is to examine the trends of land resource management, and present the implications on land resource sustainability and livelihoods using Landsat images of 1988, 2000, 2007 and 2018 in the Oku-Mbessa Highlands of Cameroon. A historical survey and comparative research designs with mixed qualitative-quantitative research approaches were used to detect the annual rates of land resource cover changes for the periods of 1982 to 1994, 1995 to 2006 and 2007 to 2018, analysed at spatiotemporal levels. Data was collected from 150 household heads using a semistructured questionnaire. Data was analysed using inferential statistics with the F-ratio Test at a 0.05 critical level and a df of 4 to determine the management trends, sustainable and livelihood patterns ushered. The results reveal the calculated F-ratio values for the three periodical trends of 1.09, 1.21 and 2.05 are higher than the tabulated ratios of 0.36, 0.31 and 0.89 respectively. This indicates that there has been a significant increase in the trends of land resource management. Positive environmental sustainable and livelihood patterns were introduced in the management process. This study recommends the need for the government to improve management security at the grassroots level to forestall the inextricable link between resource management, sustainability and livelihoods in the Oku-Mbessa highlands.
Prospects of food crop cultivation and supply center on peasant resilience and their adaptability to the surrounding bio-physical milieu. Farmers' predisposition to the numerous challenges within their biophysical context makes them resilient and thoughtful in strengthening their skills. The soils, relief, climate and vegetation of Bui Division heighten farmers' resilience for harmonious, flourishing and innovative techniques to hold the farmers spellbound in their daily farm operations. In addition, vegetables are cultivated abundantly in wetland areas during the dry season. Research results were tested using the relationship between the independent, dependent and the intervening variables of this study. To best operationalize this results, the Chi square and cumulative response rates were strictly applied in the analysis. Research findings revealed that the indigenes spare no effort in ensuring that the milieu is exploited to the fullest, thus reaping the benefits of their hard work. As a matter of fact, agriculture remains the dominant pre-occupation of the locals, however subsidiary activities are not neglected to make ends meet. Peasant dynamism in crop cultivation is central to their social and economic development, thus fostering their adaptability to the bio-physical setting. Crops cultivated include maize, beans, solanum potato, sweet potato, cassava, plantains, banana and yams.
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