Hair is an important part of the body appeal and its look is a health indicator. Accordingly, recent advances in hair science and hair care technologies have been reported in literature claiming innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic products. The treatment of hair and scalp, primarily, involved the use of shampoo for an effective, but gentle cleansing; however, for years, the shampoo is considered not only as a cosmetic product having the purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for maintaining the health and the beauty of hair, imparting gloss and improving manageability. For meeting the needs of a multitasking formulation, following also the recent marketing-trend addressed to the "natural world", new challenges for cosmetic technology are aimed towards the research of natural ingredients, as well as new techniques for shampoo formulation. Regarding the recent development of solid shampoos, little information is available about their use, formulation and advantages. This review is largely focused on the description of solid shampoos, mainly based on the use of clays, herbs or flours as washing bases alternative to the traditional ones, consisting of a combination of synthetic surfactants, together with other usual ingredients expected in a shampoo formulation
Herein we report the optical properties of different amounts zinc halide added poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer composites and characterised for spectral absorbance. The composites shown appreciable optical properties as established by a UV–visible techniques. The composites were analysed by determining different optical parameters such as band tail energy of localised states, energy bandgap, optical susceptibility.
We investigate and formulate a detailed theory studying the temperature effects on bright-dark optical spatial soliton pair in the novel photorefractive crystals having both the nonlinearities i.e., the quadratic and linear electro-optic effects. The coupled modified Nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equations is solved exactly to obtain analytical solutions for both the components. There are few physical factors which are dependent on the temperature: the dielectric constant, dark irradiance and the diffusion current. We consider the variation of dielectric constant and dark irradiance to study the effect on the nonlinearity. Various FWHM curves are plotted which give us an idea of the self trapping nonlinearity’s dependence on the temperature
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