Forty strains of nocardioform microorganisms were isolated as clinical specimens including several from AIDS patients in Thailand. Among them, 37 strains were found to belong to the genus Nocardia. Our identification studies revealed that most of the strains (25 strains) belong to the N. asteroides group, i.e., N. asteroides sensu stricto and N. farcinica. Three strains were identified as N. otitidiscaviarum and two strains N. brasiliensis. In addition, 7 strains of rare pathogenic N. transvalensis were also isolated.
The in vitro activity of D0870, a new triazole, was compared with that of fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, amphotericin B and flucytosine against recent clinical isolates of Penicillium marneffei in Thailand. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values were determined by a microbroth dilution method using morpholinopropanesulphonic acid (MOPS)-buffered RPMI-1640 and brain heart infusion (BHI) medium. Yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium with glucose was also used for the assay of flucytosine. D0870 was less active against P. marneffei than itraconazole, but its activity was similar to that of miconazole, superior to that of amphotericin B and markedly superior to that of fluconazole and flucytosine. Much lower MIC values of D0870 were observed with BHI medium.
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