Learning design models are used so that learning activities run smoothly and are varied. Most teachers still have not implemented learning models, so teachers are less able to stimulate students in finding and solving problems contained in learning material. This study aims to determine the Civics and Social Studies learning design models that are often used in Indonesia and in various countries at the elementary school level. Writing this article using qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out by means of a literature study. The results of the study found that without designing and using the right model, learning activities could fail, even though the material prepared was as interesting as possible. The selection of learning design models can be seen from the conditions, needs, nature of teaching materials, characteristics of students, and learning media. In Indonesia, the learning design models that are often used are the ADDIE, ASSURE, and Dick and Carey. While the learning design models implemented by several countries are the STEM model (America, South Korea and Finland), the DMKK model (Japan), the Discovery Learning (Marland and Turkey), and the Mind Mappingy (Arabia, Turkey and Australia). Teachers are guided to be able to apply learning design models when learning activities take place in order to achieve the expected learning objectives.
Abstract The social studies learning concept is very important for students to be able to adapt to their environment. The development of creative thinking skills in social life is something that must be developed. This study aims to discuss how the use of Mind Mapping in social studies learning can improve creative thinking. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a literature review method which consists of several stages. First planning , where we determine the topics to be discussed, determine the criteria for the articles to be used. Second Conducting, the process of searching, selecting articles and data synthesis. The third is reporting, writing the results of a systematic literature review. Based on a study of 10 national articles on the use of Mind Mapping in social studies learning to improve creative thinking skills . The results of the research conducted show that the use of Mind Mapping is effective and efficient in improving students' creative thinking skills in social studies learning
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