ResumenLos instrumentos de autoinforme para evaluar las situaciones de estrés cotidiano en la infancia son escasos y es de importancia disponer de herramientas que permitan un mayor conocimiento de esta etapa del desarrollo. En esta investigación se presenta la adaptación a población española de la Children's Hassles Scale (CHS), un autoinforme que evalúa los estresores cotidianos en la infancia y la adolescencia. Participó una muestra de 579 niños de 10 a 12 años de la ciudad de Madrid (54.2% eran hombres). Los participantes se dividieron en dos grupos: clínico (n = 94) y comunitario (n = 485). El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró evidencias de validez como estructura interna, con cuatro factores de primer orden: comparación de iguales, colegio, progenitores y familia, y un factor de orden superior. La consistencia interna de la escala global fue adecuada (alpha ordinal = .88), aunque algo más bajas para los factores (comparación de iguales = .79; colegio = .69; progenitores = .67; familia = .63). Se encontraron buenas evidencias de validez discriminante al comparar con otras medidas de estresores. Se hallaron diferencias entre el grupo clínico y el grupo comunitario en los estresores de comparación de iguales y colegio y diferencias de sexo en los estresores de comparación de iguales y progenitores. La presencia de estresores cotidianos se relacionó con mayor sintomatología externalizante e internalizante. Los resultados indican que la CHS es un instrumento válido y fiable que puede ser útil en la investigación y en la práctica clínica y educativa. Palabras clave: children's hassles scale; estresores cotidianos; infancia. AbstractSpanish adaptation of the Children's Hassles Scale: A scale to assess daily stressors in childhood. Self-report instruments to assess situations of daily stress in childhood are scarce and it is important to have tools that allow greater knowledge of this stage of development. The paper presented the Spanish adaptation of the Children's Hassles Scale (CHS), a self-report questionnaire to assess daily stressors in childhood and adolescence.The instrument was administrated to a sample of 579 children between 10-12 years of age from the city of Madrid (54.2% were boys). Participants were from clinical group (n = 94) and community group (n = 485). Confirmatory factor analysis showed validity evidence based on the internal structure, with four first level factor, peer comparison, parent, school and family, and a second level factor. Internal consistency was good for CHS (ordinal alpha = .88), although somewhat lower for the factors (peer comparison = .79; school = .69; parents = .67; family = .63). Good evidences of divergent validity were found when daily hassles were compared to other stressors. Some differences between clinical group and community group in peer comparison and school stressors and sex differences in peer comparison and parental stressors were found. Daily hassles were significantly related with externalizing and internalizing symptomatology. Results indicate that C...
Recent evidence confirms the risks of discontinuity of care when young people make a transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS), although robust data are still sparse. We aimed to identify when and how patients get lost to care during transition by tracking care pathways and identifying factors which influence dropping out of care during transition. This is a retrospective observational study of 760 patients who reached the transition age boundary within 12 months before transition time and being treated at CAMHS for at least during preceding 18 months. Data were collected at two time points: last visit to CAHMS and first visit to AHMS. Socio-demographic, clinical and service utilization variables on CAMHS treatment were collected. In the 12 months leading up to the transition boundary, 46.8% of subjects (n = 356) withdrew from CAHMS without further contact with AHMS, 9.3% withdrew from CAHMS but were referred to AHMS by other services, 29% were transferred from CAHMS to AHMS, 10% remained at CAHMS and 5% patients were transferred to alternative services. Fifty-six percent of subjects experience cessation of care before the transition age. The risk of dropout increases with shorter contact time in CAMHS, is greater in subjects without pharmacological treatment, and decreases in subjects with psychosis, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, mental retardation, and neurodevelopmental disorders. This study confirms that a large number of people drop out of care as they approach the CAMHS transition and experience discontinuity of care during this critical period.
La investigación analizó la relación de los acontecimientos vitales estresantes (AVE) con la sintomatología, externalizante e internalizante, y la adaptación escolar y familiar en la infancia. El número de participantes fue 552, 53.4% niños y 46.6% niñas, de 10 a 12 años. Se comparó un grupo clínico de salud mental con un grupo comunitario. Al menos un AVE ha sido experimentado por el 88.2% de los participantes en los dos últimos años. Los AVE registrados son significativamente superiores en el grupo clínico. Los AVE se relacionan con presencia de sintomatología y menor adaptación, siendo mayor la asociación entre los AVE de tipo familiar y los síntomas de hiperactividad en el grupo clínico. El haber experimentado AVE y el ser paciente predicen tanto la sintomatología como la adaptación.
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