Background: Ovarian torsion is a condition which the ovary and the ovarian pedicle twist around the ovary suspensory ligament. No report regarding this condition was reported. The aim of the report was to describe a case of unilateral ovarian torsion in a 2-year-old primipara Golden Retriever dog.Case: A 2-year-old female primipara Golden Retriever dog weighting was referred to the Veterinary Hospital, for purulent vaginal discharge evaluation. The dog was presenting anorexia, weight loss, and intermittent diarrhea and vomiting. A cesarean section was performed nine months before her presentation and the oestrus cycle was recorded six months after the cesarean section. Discomfort was observed during the palpation of the abdomen and purulent vaginal was observed. Vaginal swab was performed and followed by cytological examination. The ultrasonographic examination was consistent with pyometra. The ovariohysterectomy was performed and were observed torsion of the left ovary. The histopathological examination of the left ovary and uterus were consistent with ovary necrosis and pyometra. Ten days after surgery the vaginal discharge had resolved and the sutures were removed. Six months postoperatively the dog revealed no further abnormalities. Grossly, the left ovary had firm consistency, dark red surface and 8 cm diameter. The histopathology examination findings were consistent with a diagnosis of diffuse necrosis of left ovary due to ovarian torsion, and uterinesuppurative inflammatory process - pyometra.Discussion: Ovarian torsion is uncommon in small animals, but can be observed high incidence in pregnant female dogs than in non-pregnant ones. The 360º an asynchronous ovarian torsion described in the present case is also an unusual condition in primipara female dogs due to the smaller stretching of the ovary suspensory ligament. The ovarian torsionis considerate an emergency condition due to acute abdominal pain. The mild abdominal discomfort observed during the physical examination was associated to pyometra or to ovarian torsion. The histopathological findings as hemorrhage, edema and necrosis were associated to compromised arterial circulation and ovarian torsion in late stage. The size of the pregnant uterus and/or the pyometra has contributed to ovary torsion. The dog of the present report had pyometra and previouscesarean sections; and these conditions may have contributed to ovarian torsion. The condition was incidentally found during the ovariohysterectomy, and the ovarian torsion diagnosis was determinate through histopathological examination. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance image could be used to diagnose, furthermore, they were not conducted due to the high cost. The leukocytosis and red blood cells Rouleaux was associated with ovarian necrosis and pyometra.Ovariohysterectomy was the treatment of choice to pyometra and ovarian torsion, and the surgery was performed without ovarian torsion reversion to minimize the reperfusion lesions. Ovarian torsion is a rare event in dogs, and it was clinically diagnosed during the surgery. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of ovarian torsion associate withpyometra in primipara female dogs in Brazil.Keywords: dog, obstetric, ovary, pyometra complex, endometrium.
The aim of work was to describe a remaining uterine mesonephric duct cyst in female Pinscherdog, with 8 years old. The main complaint of the owner was no heat at least 18 months. Clinicalexamination revealed presence of cysts in all teats, confirmed by cytopathologic exam.Haemogram, serum biochemical exams, urinalysis, radiographs of the thorax and abdominalultrasound were performed and no changes were observed. During the ovaryhysterectomy wasobserved endometrial hyperplasia and the histopathologic diagnosis was remaining uterinemesonephric duct cyst associated with discrete endometrial hyperplasia. Was concluded thatadequate histopathologycal identification of the uterine mesonephric duct cyst is crucial so donot mistake with neoplasia.
RESUMO-O tricoblastoma é uma neoplasia benigna cutânea derivada do folículo piloso primitivo, possuindo elementos epiteliais e mesenquimais. O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever um caso raro de tricoblastoma agressivo, em um cão macho da raça Maltês, sete meses de idade e pesando 7 kg, com histórico de aumento de volume, de crescimento rápido, em região frontal da cabeça. A neoformação apresentava-se ulcerada; de consistência dura e não aderida; presença de alopecia e coloração rósea; e ausência de dor à palpação. O hemograma, os exames bioquímicos séricos, urinálise e exames de imagem não revelaram alterações. No exame citopatológico foi observado presença de células epiteliais basais com núcleo monomórfico e citoplasma basofílico. O tratamento consistiu no procedimento cirúrgico por excisão total da neoformação. Vinte e um meses após o procedimento cirúrgico, não foi observado quaisquer sinais de recidiva e metástases. Visto que o tricoblastoma é raro em cães e com idade inferior a seis anos, o mesmo foi identificado na sua forma macroscopicamente agressiva em cão jovem de sete meses de idade, com características histopatológicas similares à dos cães adultos, sendo o primeiro caso reportado em Moçambique. A exérese total do tricoblastoma foi o tratamento para o presente relato de caso.
RESUMO:O presente relato teve como objetivo descrever um caso de leucemia linfocítica B em um cão da raça maltês, fêmea, com três anos de idade, demonstrando a metodologia de diagnóstico e a variação da patologia clínica após o tratamento exclusivamente por esplenectomia. A linfocitose acentuada observada no hemograma e presença proliferativa de linfócitos na medula óssea determinou a suspeita da leucemia linfocítica. A leucemia linfocítica B foi diagnosticada por meio da citologia aspirativa da medula óssea, imunocitoquímica e citometria de fluxo. O tratamento foi exclusivamente por esplenectomia e dois anos após a cirurgia o animal não apresentou recidiva da afecção. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Doenças linfoproliferativas. Linfócitos. Imunocitoquimica. Medula óssea. Pequenos animais. B -LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN YOUNG DOG: CASE REPORTABSTRACT: This report aimed to describe a case of B lymphocytic leukemia in maltese female dog, three years old, demonstrating the methodology of diagnostic and variation of clinical pathology after treatment exclusively by splenectomy. The accentuate lymphocytes observed in blood counts and presence of proliferative lymphocytes in the bone marrow were determined to diagnostic of lymphocytic leukemia. The B lymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration cytology, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The treatment was exclusively by splenectomy and two years after the surgery the animal showed no recurrence of the disease. KEY WORDS: Linfoproliferative disease. Lymphocytes. Immunocytochemistry. Bone marrow. Small animals. LEUCEMIA LINFOCÍTICA B EN PERRO JOVEN: RELATO DE CASORESUMEN: El objetivo de ese relato ha sido describir un caso de leucemia linfocítica B en un perro, raza maltés, hembra, de tres años, demostrando la metodología de diagnóstico y la variación de la patología clínica, después del tratamiento exclusivamente por esplenectomía. La linfocitosis aguda, observada en el hemograma, y la presencia de proliferación de linfocitos en la médula ósea, determinó la sospecha de leucemia linfocítica. La leucemia linfocítica B fue diagnosticada mediante la citología por aspiración de médula ósea, inmunocitoquímica y citometría de flujo. El tratamiento fue exclusivamente por esplenectomía y dos años después de la cirugía el animal no mostró recurrencia de la enfermedad.
Background: Splenic hematoma is an encapsulated blood accumulation, which is macroscopically indistinguishable from malignant spleen. The treatment of choice and final diagnosis were by splenectomy and exploratory laparotomy followed by biopsy and histopathological examination, respectively. Nylon tie bands are devices made of polyamide 6.6, same material of surgical nylon wires, and has been used in different surgical procedures in animals. The present report case aimed to describe the use of nylon tie bands polyamide 6.6 in a 2.3-year-old Golden retriever dog diagnosed with splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia; and the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, histological diagnosis of splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia.Case: A 2.3-year-old intact male Golden retriever dog was presented with history of anorexia, apathy, regurgitation and weight loss. During the physical examination was identified a mass in the left side of abdomen. The complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemistry, urinalysis, and thoracic radiographs were no alteration. Abdominal ultrasound revealed splenomegaly and heterogeneous hypoechoic structure. Splenectomy using an adjustable nylon ties polyamide 6.6 for hemostasis technique was performed during an exploratory laparotomy. The spleen presented hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia at the histopathological examination, as well as the presence of siderocalcinotic plate in the trabecular spleen. The dog presented with no regurgitation, apathy or anorexia after 10 days of surgery. CBC, serum biochemistry analysis, thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound revealed no abnormalities. Video laparoscopy did not showed any sign of adherence on the local where used the nylon tie bands. One year and three months after the surgery, the owner was contacted by telephone, since he had changed to other city, and he reported that the dog was healthy without any clinical signs.Discussion: The present case report describes the using of nylon tie polyamide 6.6 bands in a 2.3-year-old Golden retriever dog diagnosed with splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia. According to the author’s knowledge, the present case is the first report regarding to using nylon tie bands in splenectomy, and clinical characteristics of hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia in young dog. The adjustable nylon tie bands allowed a secure and faster ligature when compared with traditional nylon surgical suture wires in different surgical procedures in animals and humans patients, and was considered well tolerated and non-toxic. Reports concerning to complications to the use of nylon tie in veterinary surgery were present in the literature. Otherwise, these complications were related to surgical technique failure and inadequate aseptic technique; inadequate use of nylon tie bands before assigning it as a hemostatic material. Partial splenectomy is recommended for treatment of splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia in dogs whenever possible; however, the macroscopic findings concerning splenic disorders are not enough to set the distinction between benign and malignant disorders. Clinical sign associated with splenic disorders in the present case was abdominal distension due to hematoma and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. An adjustable nylon tie polyamide 6.6 band can be used to clamp the spleen vessels, gastroepiploic artery, gastric artery and omento veins.
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