Background: Our aim was to study the socio demographic determinants of ASHA workers, to study the work profile of the ASHA workers, to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of their roles and responsibilities in the delivery of health care services and to suggest specific recommendations on the ASHA scheme based on the study findings.Methods: The type of study was a cross sectional study, placed at Khordha district in Odisha. Time Period of this study was March to June 2018. 1218 ASHAs were finally included in the study. On the days of the monthly sector / block level meetings with ASHA workers they were appraised and accordingly a predesigned, pretested questionnaire was implemented to them.Results: Nearly 93% of ASHA workers were trained with module 1 to 5, first AID and DOTs training. Refresher training was given to 34% of ASHA workers, FTD/Malaria training was given to 88.4% of ASHA workers. 1218 (100%) ASHA’s helped in immunization. Majority of them 1199 (98.4%) accompanied delivery cases and 1198 (98.3%) were aware about family planning activities.Conclusions: Activities of ASHA’s should be increased with a corresponding increase in incentives, so that she can get up to Rs. 10000-15000 per month. IEC/BCC skills to ASHA may be built by short course certification. Other services like strengthening the role of ASHA on promotive and preventive health care particularly age at marriage, nutrition, home based care delay in first child birth and spacing between 1st and 2nd birth.
WHO)-UNICEF-World Bank (2015) joint estimate indicates that globally, the numbers of under-five children with wasting have remained high between 1990 and 2014, with the largest proportions of wasted children living in Asia (68.0%) and Africa (28.0%). 2 Odisha has a total population of approximately 42 million and an under-five population of approximately 3.7 million. According to the NFHS -4 conducted in 2015-16, at the national level severely wasted children comprise ABSTRACT Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) places extraordinary challenges in the way of survival, growth and development of the child under five years of age. Our aim was to evaluate the functioning and performance of facility based management of SAM children admitted in the nutrition rehabilitation centre (NRC) and to identify the existing bottlenecks in the NRC. Methods: Children above 1 month and less than 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition were included during the study period. Demographic details of the SAM children, clinical features during admission were recorded. Anthropometric measurements like MUAC, weight, height/length and WHZ scores were taken at admission and compared with the findings at discharge. Statistical analysis: the data after collection, compilation was analysed by SPSS. Results: Majority 277 (78.47%) of them belonged to rural areas. 300 (85%) SAM children were referred by medical officers. Bilateral oedema was recorded in 12 (17.9%) admitted children during 2014-2015, 22 (17.9%) children in 2015-2016 and in 37 (22.7%) children during 2016-2017. There was significant improvement in the mean weight (kg) and mean MUAC (cm) at discharge was in comparison to the weight and MUAC of the children at admission and this difference in increase in the mean weight and MUAC were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: Implementation of WHO feeding guidelines resulted in adequate weight gain of inpatient malnourished children, however the frontline workers in the community and health care providers of PHCs should be trained and given hands on training for early identification and referral of SAM cases.
Background: As a part of “Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan” campaign, the Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India had launched “Kayakalp” in 2015, an initiative to promote cleanliness and enhance the quality of public health facilities. Our aim was to study the situational analysis of the health institution using Kayakalp tool; to assess the level of cleanliness, hygiene and infection control practices in the facility and to assess the status of Bio-medical waste management in the health care facility and to suggest remedial measures based on the study finding.Methods: It is a hospital based snapshot study done during a period of one year from April 2016 to March 2017. Kayakalp assessment tool was used for analysis.Results: The total scores for upkeep maintenance obtained in 2016-17 was 69 and for the year 2017-18 was 81. There was an increase of total score in the year 2017-18 and it was found to be statistically significant. On assessment in the year 2016-17, for BMW the total score obtained was 58 and in the year 2017-18 it was 81. There was a statistically significant increase in the scores (p=0.001) obtained in the year (2017-18).Conclusions: Improvements in Biomedical waste management can be made by increasing the knowledge, awareness and practices of the health care providers as well as the beneficiaries with regular periodic monitoring.
Background & Aim: Leprosy a chronic infectious public health challenge is caused by a slowly multiplying acid fast bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. An untreated leprosy-affected person is the only known source of infection. Our aim was to study the trend in the prevalence of leprosy in the health care facility, to compare the leprosy burden in urban and rural field practice area under the health facility, to identify any gaps/loopholes in the implementation of the NLEP and to recommend remedial measures to address the gaps. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Community Health Centre Jatni, Khordha, Odisha during the year 2018-19. A pre-designed questionnaire, personal interview with multipurpose health worker male and review of leprosy records of different years was used as study tool. Results: Majority i.e., 78.6% of the leprosy patients were from rural areas. Overall male predominance of the cases was found both in urban & rural areas. More numbers of cases were registered during 2014-15 & 2015-16 which was declined in 2016-17, but again increased in the subsequent years i.e., 2017-18 and 2018-19. 61.8% diagnosed leprosy cases had successfully undergone treatment and got cured and 24.4% of the cases were the defaulters to MDT. Conclusion: Defaulter cases are the major source of continuous transmission of infection in the community. Active surveillance for Leprosy is to be strengthened in both rural and urban areas with special focus on IEC and BCC activities along with proper counseling of the family members with involvement of community people.
Background: Accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers are the female health volunteers of the community who takes steps to generate awareness and provide information to the community on determinants of health such as nutrition, hygiene practices and basic sanitation, healthy living condition. Our aim was to evaluate the level of awareness of job responsibilities of ASHA workers, to assess about their awareness about the different incentives in the delivery of health care services and to recommend for improvement on the functioning of the ASHA workers.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Khordha district of Odisha from March 2018 to July 2018. 3 blocks were selected purposively i.e. Bhubaneswar under urban block, Bolagarh under rural block and Banapur a tribal block. Working in the 3 selected blocks, 331 ASHA’s participated in the study.Results: 37% were between 34-39 years and 30% were in the age group of 34-39 years in the rural block and about 40% ASHA workers belonged to 25-29 years of age. For full immunization in the 1st year of life per beneficiary an amount of Rs. 100 is given to an ASHA worker. However, 67 (68.4%) in urban block, 79 (63.2%) in rural block and 83 (76.8%) ASHAs in tribal block were aware about this incentive.Conclusions: The role of ASHAs should be well defined and accordingly with supportive supervision, the ASHAs should be monitored to efficiently & effectively play their roles and discharge duties.
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