The study was suggested because of the major role of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in a wide range of clinical infections besides increasing a high resistance against the commonly used difference antibiotic. The efflux pumps have a vital role in multidrug resistance for extruding many toxic materials and antibiotics. This study aimed to measure the expression level of efflux pump genes in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using RT-qPCR technique. In this study, one hundredclinical isolates of MDRP. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolated from wounds were examined, then 20 isolates selected based on their ability as MDR and wereexposed to different concentrations of Ethidium Bromide (Cartwheel method) to determine the presence of efflux pumps activity. Efflux pump genesmexR, and norA were screened by PCR. The results demonstrated the presence of mexR and norA genesin all MDR isolates. RT-qPCR assay was used for investigating the efflux pump genes expression. The difference in gene expression between active and nonactive efflux pumps was determined when exposed to the antibiotics and efflux pump inhibitors.
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