A new approach for derivation of Benney-like momentum chains and integrable hydrodynamic type systems is presented. New integrable hydrodynamic chains are constructed, all their reductions are described and integrated. New (2+1) integrable hydrodynamic type systems are found.Comment: WARWICK CONFERENCE 2002 Geometry & Mechanics I

We introduce and study a new class of kinetic equations, which arise in the description of nonequilibrium macroscopic dynamics of soliton gases with elastic collisions between solitons. These equations represent nonlinear integro-differential systems and have a novel structure, which we investigate by studying in detail the class of Ncomponent 'cold-gas' hydrodynamic reductions. We prove that these reductions represent integrable linearly degenerate hydrodynamic type systems for arbitrary N which is a strong evidence in favour of integrability of the full kinetic equation. We derive compact explicit representations for the Riemann invariants and characteristic velocities of the hydrodynamic reductions in terms of the 'cold-gas' component densities and construct a number of exact solutions having special properties (quasi-periodic, self-similar). Hydrodynamic symmetries are then derived and investigated. The obtained results shed the light on the structure of a continuum limit for a large class of integrable systems of hydrodynamic type and are also relevant to the description of turbulent motion in conservative compressible flows.

The algebro-geometric approach for integrability of semi-Hamiltonian hydrodynamic type systems is presented. This method is significantly simplified for so-called symmetric hydrodynamic type systems. Plenty interesting and physically motivated examples are investigated.

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We investigate homogeneous third-order Hamiltonian operators of differentialgeometric type. Based on the correspondence with quadratic line complexes, a complete list of such operators with n ≤ 3 components is obtained. MSC: 37K05, 37K10, 37K20, 37K25.

Reciprocal transformations of Hamiltonian operators of hydrodynamic type are investigated. The transformed operators are generally nonlocal, possessing a number of remarkable algebraic and differential-geometric properties. We apply our results to linearly degenerate semi-Hamiltonian systems in Riemann invariants, a typical example beingSince all such systems are linearizable by appropriate (generalized) reciprocal transformations, our formulae provide an infinity of mutually compatible nonlocal Hamiltonian structures, explicitly parametrized by n arbitrary functions of one variable. MSC: 37K18, 37K25, 37K35

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