This paper provides new evidence on the effect of immigration on election outcomes. Our analysis makes use of data on city districts in Hamburg, Germany, during a period of substantial inflows of immigrants and asylum seekers. We find significant and robust effects for changes in foreigner shares on the electoral success of parties that built up a distinctive reputation in immigration politics. In particular, our fixed-effects estimates indicate a positive effect for xenophobic, extreme right-wing parties and an adverse effect for the Green party that actively campaigned for liberal immigration policies and minority rights. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that changes in local compositional amenities shape individual attitudes towards immigration.
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu Terms of use: Documents in Does citizenship matter? The economic impact of naturalizations in GermanyMax Friedrich Steinhardt* The paper analyzes whether citizenship acquisition affects the labor market performance of immigrants in Germany. Up to the present, there is no empirical evidence about this question for Germany. Theoretically, naturalization can increase the productivity by enabling unrestricted access to the labor market. Furthermore, naturalization can increase the labor market opportunities of immigrants by a reduction of administrative costs for the employer.Eventually, the willingness to invest in human capital may increase with the decision to naturalize, which would boost productivity even prior to naturalization.A drawback of most conducted studies for the US, Canada or the Netherlands is that they are based on cross-sectional data. This disables the possibility to control for processes of selfselection within the group of immigrants and to identify the impact channel. In the following the study uses data from the IAB employment sample which allows conducting crosssectional and panel analysis.The descriptive analysis reveals strong processes of self-selection within the immigrant workforce concerning the naturalization decision. The estimates from a simple OLS estimation indicate a wage premium of naturalized immigrants, whereas the impact for Third Country Nationals has the largest size. Panel estimations show an immediate positive naturalization effect on wages. Furthermore they indicate accelerated wage growth in the years after the naturalization. It is a question of integration policy whether this passport advantage in the assimilation process is intended.
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