This work portrays control of frequency in an unique independent double area interconnected hybrid microgrid system (IHM) including a novel combined solar gas turbine (CSGT), biodiesel generator (BDG), wind turbine generator (WTG), energy storage units and DC link (DCL) using tilt-integral-derivative (TID) controller. A recently developed metaheuristic algorithm termed as Harris's hawk optimization (HHO) technique is used to obtain the controller gain constraints. Use of CSGT in 2-area IHM for load frequency control (LFC) is a novel work and use of TID controller and HHO technique for tuning the controllers' parameters for such IHM are the other unique works. The dynamic performance of TID, PID and PI controllers are compared with the gains obtained by tuning with different algorithms. The results obtained established the superiority of HHO optimised TID controller. The effect of each component on the system are analysed subjected to consideration of different realtime scenarios. At last, a sensitivity analysis is performed by varying the source and load conditions to establish the dominance of the HHO optimised TID controller.

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The work represents a unique methodology for control of frequency in three area independent and interconnected hybrid microgrid systems. The proposed hybrid microgrids consist of solar chimney (SC), combined solar gas turbine (CSGT), bio‐diesel operated generator (BDOG), DC link, energy storage units such as battery energy storage unit (BESU), super‐magnetic energy storage unit (SMESU), and redox flow battery (RFB) based. Integration of generating units such as SC, CSGT, BDOG, SMESU, RFB, and DC link in three area hybrid microgrid is also a unique work. A newly developed chaotic butterfly optimization algorithm (CBOA) is applied so as to obtain the optimized standards of the cascaded PI‐TID controller employed with dispatchable generating units. Comparative analysis of different algorithms and controllers is achieved to establish the dominance of the anticipated control strategy. The impact of each component on the system is examined while taking into account various real‐time scenarios. Finally, the efficacy of cascaded PI‐TID controller tuned using CBOA is established by sensitivity analysis with significant changes in source and load circumstances.

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