All studies cited in this literature review reported that orthodontic treatment did not provide risk to the development of signs and symptoms of TMD, regardless of the technique used for treatment, the extraction or non-extraction of premolars and the type of malocclusion previously presented by the patient. Some studies with long-term follow-up concluded that orthodontic treatment would not be preventive or a treatment option for TMD.

Thermodynamic nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires have become increasingly popular. The relationship between the temperature variation within the mouth and the force level delivered is, however, far from elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of possible intraoral temperature differences on the forces exerted by seven commercially available 0.019 x 0.025 inch NiTi archwires. As mouth temperature ranges from 33 to 37 degrees C most of the time, all wires were tested at five different temperatures between 30 and 40 degrees C in an orthodontic wire-testing device, a so-called Force System Identification (FSI) apparatus, placed in a climate chamber. In the FSI a two-bracket system using self-ligating Damon brackets simulated first order displacements up to 4 mm. At each temperature five samples of each archwire brand were tested. The following variables from the activation/deactivation curves were calculated: force and displacement at the yield point, maximum force level, total energy up to maximum displacement, energy loss after deactivation, force and displacement at the beginning and at the finish of the plateau, and the slope of the plateau. Any statistically significant differences in these variables for the different brands and temperature levels were analysed using one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that: (1) The behaviour of all wires was different. (2) Copper NiTi40 showed the lowest and the most constant force level, followed by NeoSentalloy 200 g. On the other hand, these wires may not work properly in mouth breathers as no forces were exerted below 35 degrees C. (3) If the use of superelastic characteristics and low force levels are the reasons for utilizing rectangular NiTi wires, austenitic NiTi wires should be avoided.

Este trabalho descreve uma nova forma de ancoragem por meio de miniplacas denominada SAO®, Sistema de Apoio Ósseo para Mecânica Ortodôntica. Após a descrição do sistema, protocolos de tratamento para mordidas abertas esqueléticas são apresentados. A aplicação de cantiléveres e alças apoiadas diretamente nos tubos do sistema de ancoragem permite que associações de problemas verticais e sagitais (Classe II e III) sejam tratadas de formas distintas. A aplicação de forças leves e constantes e o controle tridimensional das forças aplicadas são o grande diferencial desse novo sistema.

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O objetivo desse artigo é descrever a análise cefalométrica que vem sendo aplicada nos cursos de mestrado, doutorado e especialização da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara -UNESP. A mesma foi desenvolvida utilizando medidas cefalométricas já existentes e descritas na literatura as quais foram agrupadas em campos a fim de permitir que o profissional faça a interpretação adequada de cada área e tenha, no final da mesma, todas as informações necessárias para um correto diagnóstico e plano de tratamento. Da mesma forma, após o tratamento, a comparação das diferentes medidas e áreas de análise permitirão a interpretação de quais foram os efeitos provocados pelo tratamento aplicado.

In this study the structure of the adult human dentoalveolar process is examined using conventional and synchrotron radiation-based microtomography (SRµCT). Mandibular and maxillary segments containing two to five adjacent teeth were harvested at autopsy from 49 adult donors. These segments were embedded in blocks of methylmetacrylate and scanned using a conventional table-top µCT-scanner at a pixel size and slice thickness of 35 µm. A few segments were also scanned at a synchrotron facility at an initial pixel size of 16.4 µm, which was binned by a factor 2 to result in an effective voxel size of almost 32.8 µm. The three-dimensional reconstructions revealed how intricately the teeth are supported by the alveolar bone. Furthermore, this support is highly inhomogeneous with respect to the buccal, mesial, lingual and distal quadrants. Reflecting their various degrees of mineralization, tissues like bone, dentine, enamel and cementum, could well be identified, especially in the scans made with SRµCT. Despite comparable voxel sizes, the reconstructed data-sets obtained with conventional µCT were less detailed and somewhat fuzzy in appearance compared to the data-sets of SRµCT. However, for quantification of macroscopical features like the thickness of the alveolar wall or the presence of dehiscences/fenestrations this seemed sufficient.

The signs of ongoing displacement of lower teeth support the concept of crowding occurring in adult individuals and support the maintenance of retainers, even following cessation of growth.