Software Product Line (SPL) development is a new approach to software engineering that aims at the development of a whole range of products. One of the problems which hinders the adoption of that approach is related with the management of the products of the line. Additionally, the scope of a software product line is determined by the bounds of the capabilities provided by the collection of products in the product line. This introduces new challenges related to the scope problem. One of the main three different forms of scoping is the Product Portfolio Scoping (PPS). PPS aims at defining the products that should be developed as well as their key features. While this has an impact on the actual reuse opportunities, it is usually driven from marketing aspects. Defining a product portfolio by considering costumers satisfaction and cost aspects is a NP-hard problem. This work presents a hybrid approach, which combines fuzzy inference systems and the multi-objective metaheuristics NSGA-II to support product management by generating portfolios of products, based in segments of users and the development cost of the assets of the SPL. Fuzzy inference systems are used to generate development cost of an asset by using coupling, number of code lines and cyclomatic complexity and also to estimate the quality of the products generated by the optimization module of our approach. The NSGA-II metaheuristic is used to search for products minimizing the cost and maximizing the relevance of the candidate products. The results show that the proposed approach is effective in proposing the best products in terms of relevance and cost of the assets.
environmental management issue of knowledge in highways, especially the legal question. The conclusion of the article is that the environmental licensing is an important process in environmental management of highways, however lack seriousness in the post construction monitoring, as required for an evaluation of the effectiveness of mitigation measures taken.
O presente trabalho busca identificar como as funções sociais da cidade densificam os interesses coletivos e individuais que se sujeitam a propriedade privada urbana no exercício de sua função social. Para tanto são investigados os fundamentos teóricos e filosóficos do direito de propriedade e de sua função social, bem como, problematizado o conteúdo e elementos das funções sociais da cidade.
Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar que o proprietário do bem socioambiental, ou seja, daquele bem essencial para a manutenção da vida das espécies, fica obrigado a um comportamento ativo, que envolve defender, reparar e preservar o meio ambiente. O proprietário não pode exercer o seu direito de forma contrária aos interesses da presente e das futuras gerações, causando danos à qualidade de vida e consequentemente ao próprio direito fundamental à vida. A função socioambiental da propriedade está claramente contemplada nos arts. 225 e 170 da Constituição Federal. Correlacionando-a com o instituto da compensação ambiental, verifica-se que o direito de propriedade deverá ser exercido em função do direito de toda a coletividade a um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. Este só merecerá tutela jurídica enquanto funcionalizar esse direito difuso de todos.Palavras-chave: Função socioambiental da propriedade. Compensação ambiental. Princípio do usuário pagador. Direito das futuras gerações. Meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado.
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