Three new species of the genus Herichthys are described on the basis of chromatic, morphometric, and meristic characters. Herichthys pratinus sp. nov. from the Rio Salto in San Luis Potosi is characterized by a steep and shallow predorsal profile, a concavity before the eye, and adult males with a prominent forehead forming a nuchal hump, DXV-XVI, 10-11; and AV, 8-9. Herichthys pame sp. nov. from the Rio Tamasopo in San Luis Potosi is characterized by a gradual and acute predorsal contour, lack of concavity before the eye, and mouth angled slightly downward. Herichthys. molango sp. nov. from Laguna Azteca, Hidalgo is distinguished by small eyes and a slender (slightly broader than long), well-spaced, and indented lower pharyngeal plate with 2 rows of 8-9 medium-sized, lightly pigmented molars flanking the midline. We also provide redescriptions for three species of Herichthys, H. pantostictus, H. labridens, and H. steindachneri and a review of H. bartoni.
The name killifish refers to the oviparous secondary freshwater fishes in the order Cyprinodontiformes. Killifishes are abundant in Mexico and are represented by four extant families, Rivulidae, Profundulidae, Fundulidae and Cyprinodontidae, comprising > 50 species in a wide variety of habitats. This paper reviews the current classification of the killifishes of Mexico, as well as aspects of their distribution, biology, ecology and current population conservation status.
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