Managing plant fertilization is a major concern of greenhouse growers when it comes to sustainable production on growing media. Organic fertilization is popular, but more difficult to control since organic compounds first need to be mineralized by microbes. The objective of this study was to characterize the time course of N mineralization by different fertilizer–growing media pairs, in the absence of plants. Several incubations were carried out at four temperatures (4, 20, 28, and 40 °C) and three suction potentials (−3.2, −10, and −31.6 kPa) on four growing media under two organic fertilization conditions to study the dynamics of NH4+ and NO3−- production. The results showed that the release of mineral N was strongly dependent on growing media, temperature, humidity, and fertilizer nature, varying from 10.7% to 71.3% of the N fertilizer applied. A temperature action law was established for the four growing media. The Q10 value of the growing media was 1.13, lower than the average Q10 value of arable soils. On the other hand, the specific behavior of the growing media did not yield a single humidity action law. Nevertheless, the nitrification process, evaluated by analyzing the ratio of NO3− to total mineral N, showed a humidity-dependent relationship common to the four growing media and comparable to admitted observations on soils. Nitrification was optimal when growing media humidity was higher than 0.46 v/v.
Combined with multivariate calibration methods, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a non-destructive, rapid, precise and inexpensive analytical method to predict chemical contents of organic products. Nevertheless, one practical limitation of this approach is that performance of the calibration model may decrease when the data are acquired with different spectrometers. To overcome this limitation, standardization methods exist, such as the piecewise direct standardization (PDS) algorithm.
The dataset presented in this article consists of 332 manure samples from poultry and cattle, sampled from farms located in major regions of livestock production in mainland France and Reunion Island. The samples were analysed for seven chemical properties following conventional laboratory methods. NIR spectra were acquired with three spectrometers from fresh homogenized and dried ground samples and then standardized using the PDS algorithm. This important dataset can be used to train and test chemometric models and is of particular interest to NIR spectroscopists and agronomists who assess the agronomic value of animal waste.
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