The enhancement of wood waste is a promising solution for the production of energy from renewable resources. Nevertheless, wood waste often needs a preliminary treatment step to remove pollutants present in the material. The thermal cleaning of wood laminated flooring (WLF) waste is studied through thermogravimetric and FTIR analyses. As a first step, it has been shown, through non iso-thermal tests, that degradation temperature ranges for wood and additives (aminoplast resins) are different, making it possible to proceed to a thermal cleaning through a low temperature pyrolysis. It has also been highlighted that chemical linkages between the different components of WLF waste influence their own thermal behaviour making it difficult to predict the thermal behaviour of the whole material. Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry analyses reveal that NH3 and HNCO are the main nitrogen-containing gases produced during pyrolysis, which highlights the pyrolysis efficiency in terms of nitrogen (i.e., resin) removing. Lastly, thermal degradation of wood and WLF has been modelled to provide information for reactor designing
The main objective of this work concerns the coupling of biomass gasification reaction and CO sorption. The study shows the feasibility to promote biomass steam gasification in a dense fluidized bed reactor with CO sorption to enhance tar removal and hydrogen production. It also proves the efficiency of CaO-CaAlO/olivine bi-functional materials to reduce heavy tar production. Experiments have been carried out in a fluidized bed gasifier using steam as the fluidizing medium to improve hydrogen production. Bed materials consisting of CaO-based oxide for CO sorption (CaO-CaAlO) deposited on olivine for tar reduction were synthesized, their structural and textural properties were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) methods, and the determination of their sorption capacity and stability analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It appears that this CaO-CaAlO/olivine sorbent/catalyst presents a good CO sorption stability (for seven cycles of carbonation/decarbonation). Compared to olivine and Fe/olivine in a fixed bed reactor for steam reforming of toluene chosen as tar model compound, it shows a better hydrogen production rate and a lower CO selectivity due to its sorption on the CaO phase. In the biomass steam gasification, the use of CaO-CaAlO/olivine as bed material at 700 °C leads to a higher H production than olivine at 800 °C thanks to CO sorption. Similar tar concentration and lighter tar production (analyzed by HPLC/UV) are observed. At 700 °C, sorbent addition allows to halve tar content and to eliminate the heaviest tars.
The inertial separator, developed for fluidized beds, is a key component for optimizing large installations that separate solids from gases. Despite industrial interest and numerous patents, few studies have been conducted on this subject. In this paper, the geometric arrangement conditions were studied and evaluated. The efficiency of separating solids from gas depends on several factors, such as the granulometry, density, particle size distribution, velocity, humidity, and temperature of the system. For the mid-range of fluidized bed boilers (1–20 MWth), the experimental study selected all data to be in the same condition as the industrial technology. The global performance of the system can be increased by 15% by selecting a better combination of the U-beam. Three rows of U-beams are a good compromise between performance and cost for high Reynolds numbers, while only two rows seem to be enough for lower Reynolds numbers.
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