Publish/subscribe communication is increasingly often the basis for distributed, event-based, and loosely-coupled applications. With this communication paradigm, application components communicate indirectly by publishing notifications and by subscribing to those notifications of interest. To precisely specify the subscribers' interests, content-based publish/subscribe systems provide expressive filter models that, on the one hand, ease implementing versatile and entangled interaction patterns. On the other hand, however, resulting notification flows evolve dynamically and implicitly making an analysis the more challenging and complex.In this paper, we focus on modeling the interrelationship between the notifications being advertised, produced, and requested by publishers and subscribers, respectively. The presented analytical models, in their general form, support various data and filter models to compute matching and forwarding probabilities, which provide the basis to derive message rates as well as more advanced performance metrics. To demonstrate their applicability, we instantiate the general models with a specific data and filter model based on a non-uniform, multi-dimensional distribution of published and subscribed notifications. Our results show the impact of the distributions' skewness and, thereby, prove the necessity to precisely model the content interrelationships in order to make reliable performance predictions.
Wireless systems being event-driven by reading passive RFID tags, detecting proximity of multiple active RFID tags, or dereferencing data coded in optical identification tags are often designed and implemented for its specific usage. This paper introduces a middleware application that decouples event detection, its forwarding to designated receivers, and action triggering at a consumer allowing multi-purpose usage for different applications in heterogeneous architectures e.g. identifying objects in the term Internet of Things.
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