The transferability of vocational education and training (VET) systems is a central issue within international comparative VET research. However, scholars working in related disciplines also focus on the international cooperation associated with VET. This literature review presents relevant findings from the field of VET research, but also from the fields of comparative political economy, comparative educational research, and international human resource management. It explores differences and parallels in research about policy transfer between these fields. For example, scholars working in the comparative political economy and educational sciences tend to focus on transfer activities at the systemic level, while those working in international human resource management tend to focus on regional management strategies, and scholars working in VET research focuses on successes and obstacles associated with cooperation. All of these features are interconnected, providing important insights into the transferability of VET systems. The following discussion begins by exploring the rationales underpinning different disciplinary perspectives on policy transfer in VET. Next, it reviews empirical research on the transfer of VET policies from different disciplinary perspectives. It concludes with a critical reflection on the transfer potential -and ho w scholars in all relevant disciplines stress the need for cultural sensitivity, adaption, and long-term planning when transferring policy from one country to another.
The transfer of dual training from Germany to other countries is widely debated. However, there is little, if any, academic research in this area. The present study addresses this research deficit and examines the training activities of German companies in China, India and Mexico. Data was collected in 86 manufacturing companies of differing sizes and producing different goods. The evaluation of a total of 149 interviews with training experts showed that both the local training system and the German system can serve as a model for companies' training. Hybrid forms combining local and German elements also exist. Even within a company, different parallel types of training can be identified. However, the orientation to local training practice is the dominant model in all three countries.
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