Besides selling tangible products, manufacturing companies have also started to compete by offering product-related services throughout the product lifecycle. In this context, the recent rise of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) and smart, connected equipment paves the way for additional opportunities for the service business among the lifecycle and pivots of traditional maintenance, repair and overhaul (M RO) service business. Based on 11 case studies, we investigate service innovations driven by digitalization and CPSs and their impact on the service ecosystem. We identify affordances that effectively exploit the new technological capabilities in existing and future service scenarios.
Zusammenfassung Das Dienstleistungsgeschäft gewinnt in der produzierenden Industrie, sowie im Maschinen-und Anlagenbau gegenüber dem ausschließlichen Verkauf von industriellen Produkten zunehmend an Bedeutung. Durch die langen Lebenszyklen industrieller Maschinen und Anlagen generieren Produkthersteller und Serviceorganisationen vor allem mit der Sicherstellung des Betriebs und der Durchführung von Instandhaltungen als produktergänzende Dienstleistungen kontinuierliche Einnahmen. Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung und der geschickte Einsatz von cyber-physischen Systemen transformieren dieses Geschäft. Einerseits ergeben sich neue Möglichkeiten zur Steigerung der Effizienz bereits bestehender Prozesse. Andererseits eröffnen sich durch die Verfügbarkeit von Sensordaten und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten der Maschinen und Anlagen aus der Ferne bisher ungeahnte Möglichkeiten zur Umsetzung innovativer industrieller Dienstleistungen. Auf Basis empirischer Daten von 45 konkreten Anwendungsfällen identifiziert dieser Beitrag Nutzenpotentiale cyber-physischer Systeme im Kontext industrieller Dienstleistungen.
As physical products are increasingly augmented with digital technology, manufacturing firms have become part of the development of so-called smart products and smart services. As such, manufacturing firms are challenged by new market participants and ecosystem partners, particularly from the software development industry, and by the dynamic nature of business relationships. While the academic literature on the distinctive characteristics of ecosystems, particularly digital ecosystems, is rich, the effect of smart service ecosystems' emergence on the foundation of smart products remains uncertain. This study reports on case study research based on 47 semi-structured interviews with four companies that participate in an industrial smart service ecosystem. Taking an affordance-theoretic perspective, we uncover the antecedents of and the process of emergent smart service ecosystems. We find that smart service ecosystems have three socio-technical antecedents: a shared worldview, structural flexibility and integrity, and architecture of participation. We explain the emergence of smart service ecosystems as the result of specialisation in shared affordances and integration of idiosyncratic affordances into collective affordances. We derive seven
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