This article is the beginning of a theoretical reading of a project undertaken by the Public Pedagogies Institute a Pop Up School and Educational Consciousness. Drawing on Biesta’s notion of publicness we initially describe the Pop Up School event. We argue that in this project we look to extend the way the knowledge profile of an area can be more fully informed by turning to the community itself for their articulations and representations of their knowledge. When then offer distinct readings of this research/public event with Deleuze and Barad as they offer a dynamic engagement with knowledge. The paper then moves between the small space of the public event and the larger space of Footscray through Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal cosmologies and pedagogies. Time is called then into play as a psychoanalytic reading of Footscray, memory and knowledge are read from the interview data. The final steps bring Footscray sharply through time with a reading of ‘consumptionscapes’ of Footscray knowledge.
Rosenblum et al. [1], in which they reported positive blood cultures in febrile neutropenic pediatric oncology patients whose initial blood culture was negative. Initiation of empiric antibiotics in these patients is clearly the standard of care [2]. Recent guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult febrile neutropenia have indicated a dearth of evidence regarding repetitive blood cultures in this population [2,3].In this retrospective study, blood cultures were initially obtained from each lumen of the patient's central line. All patients empirically received cefepime with additional antibiotic coverage targeted to specific clinical signs as necessary. Subsequent blood cultures were obtained until the patient achieved a positive blood culture, adequate neutrophil recovery, or defervescence for 96 hours. The fever status or clinical setting of patients at the time of each subsequent culture is unclear, as is the frequency at which repeat cultures were obtained for individual patients.While the reported 10% incidence of subsequent positive cultures certainly appears to be clinically significant, it is noteworthy that many of the positive repeat cultures demonstrated bacteria of relatively low pathogenicity. There were no cases of Streptococcus or Staphylococcus on repeat culture, and the only Gram-negative organism was Stenotrophomonas maltophila, an organism of relatively low virulence. Further, 15 of the 24 (62%) positive cultures were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, often a common skin contaminant or more threatening to the central line than to the patient [4]. The two cases each of Candida and Enterococcus and one of Micrococcus certainly could be considered significant pathogens; however, no information about each clinical setting (i.e., relative number of positive to negative cultures, colony counts, or time to positive culture result) is provided to make such a determination. Sensitivities of organisms to existing empiric antibiotic therapies were not provided which might also have been helpful in identification of contamination.One could speculate that patients with persistent or new fevers would be more likely to have subsequent positive cultures than those who became and remained afebrile. Pathogenicity, lack of adequate antibiotic coverage, or at least central line contamination would be implied by repeated positive cultures, as opposed to a single positive culture among numerous negative cultures.We feel Rosenblum et al. address an important issue in this patient population and that the limitations noted are largely due to the retrospective nature of the study. A 10% incidence of positive repeat cultures would be clinically important; however, little evidence-based guidance exists as to the appropriate frequency and quantity. A prospective study with specified criteria for follow-up blood cultures would be of importance and could likely define the role of subsequent blood cultures in this population.
Social Media is a term that is so often used in our daily conversations. Whether we like it or not, it has become an inevitable part of our life and it is going to stay that way in the time to come. Its rapid growth and acceptability has greatly influenced human behaviour, lifestyle and thinking. Regardless of age, gender, status and geographical location, people actively get involved in different social networking sites. The speed, cost and reach captivate the users to spend more time on the social media. Whether social media is good or evil will depend on the nature of its use. This article throws some light on the increased use of social media among Christian youth, the role it plays in uniting Christian communities and its growing impact on the administering of sacraments and the conducting of church activities. Akin to general population, many church leaders like Pope, Cardinals, Bishops and Priests are part of the social media like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. Some of them use it extensively to spread the Good News and to share their messages and ideas across larger population.
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