Aim
Household food insecurity (HFI) is insufficient access to nutritionally safe and adequate foods to meet the dietary needs for an active and healthy life. We examined the prevalence and determinants of HFI in Bangladeshi children under five with diarrhoea.
Methods
This study included 365 children (55% boys) who had diarrhoea in the two weeks before the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS‐2011). The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used to assess HFI and Pearson's chi‐square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the association between HFI and multilevel factors.
Results
The prevalence of HFI among children under five with diarrhoea in the two weeks prior to the BDHS‐2011 survey was 48%. HFI was significantly higher among the children of uneducated mothers, who were two times more likely to experience HFI, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.14 and children who were from the lowest socio‐economic status families, who were more than seven times more likely to experience HFI, with an adjusted OR of 7.55.
Conclusion
Low maternal education and low socio‐economic status were significantly associated with HFI in Bangladeshi children under five with diarrhoea and public health campaigns should take this into account.
Introduction
The most common incision for total knee arthroplasty is the anterior midline incision; however, it is commonly associated with lateral knee numbness, kneeling difficulties and restricted flexion range. We sought to review the literature regarding the neurovascular supply and angiosomes over the anterior knee, and evaluate the anterolateral incision as a viable alternative for knee arthroplasty.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed searching PUBMED, MEDLINE and EMBASE to evaluate the incisions available for total knee arthroplasty with respect to neurological function, kneeling ability and complications.
Results
Ten studies were identified evaluating midline or anterolateral incisions for total knee arthroplasty, with a total of 664 knees for analysis. Mean patient age was 68 years (45–88), and average length of followup was 1 year. A total of 586 had an anterior midline incision and 78 had an anterolateral incision. A total of 62% of anterior midline incisions sustained altered sensation compared to 15% (12/78) of anterolateral incisions (p < 0.0001). Incision length was similar in both groups (19.8 cm midline vs. 20.8 cm anterolateral). Wound dehiscence was not significantly different between the two groups being 8.3% for midline incisions, and 2.5% for anterolateral incisions (p = 0.153). Kneeling ability was reported in two studies which reported an improved ability to kneel with an anterolateral incision.
Conclusions
The lateral parapatellar incision respects the neurovascular anatomy of the knee and offers a significant reduction in sensory changes, better kneeling ability and similar rates of wound problems to a standard midline incision and should be considered as a viable alternative for knee arthroplasty.
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