The 27-item PRISMA diagnostic test accuracy checklist provides specific guidance for reporting of systematic reviews. The PRISMA diagnostic test accuracy guideline can facilitate the transparent reporting of reviews, and may assist in the evaluation of validity and applicability, enhance replicability of reviews, and make the results from systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies more useful.

Uterine leiomyomas affect 20%-30% of women older than 35 years. Extrauterine leiomyomas are rarer, and they present a greater diagnostic challenge: These histologically benign tumors, which originate from smooth muscle cells, usually arise in the genitourinary tract (in the vulva, ovaries, urethra, and urinary bladder) but may arise in nearly any anatomic site. In addition, unusual growth patterns may be seen, including benign metastasizing leiomyoma, disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis, intravenous leiomyomatosis, parasitic leiomyoma, and retroperitoneal growth. In the presence of such a pattern, a synchronous uterine leiomyoma or a previous hysterectomy for removal of a primary uterine tumor may be indicative of the diagnosis. However, some extrauterine leiomyomas may mimic malignancies, and serious diagnostic errors may result. The most useful modalities for detecting extrauterine leiomyomas are ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The superb contrast resolution and multiplanar capabilities of MR imaging make it particularly valuable for characterizing these tumors, which usually show low signal intensity similar to that of smooth muscle on T2-weighted images. The radiologist's recognition of this and other characteristic features may help steer the clinician toward timely, appropriate management and away from unnecessary, potentially harmful treatment.

CT texture analysis can be used to accurately differentiate fp-AML from RCC on unenhanced CT images.

http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.13130273/-/DC1.

Purpose:To use meta-analysis to determine the complication rate and diagnostic accuracy of image-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of the spleen. Materials and Methods:Several electronic databases were searched through July 2010 without language restrictions. Two reviewers independently selected studies that met the inclusion criteria for the diagnostic accuracy and complication rate arms of the study. Study data were independently extracted by the two reviewers. The primary 2 3 2 data were investigated with a random-effects meta-analysis of sensitivity and specifi city. The complication rate data were investigated with a random-effects meta-analysis; sensitivity analysis of complication rate, excluding needles larger than 18 gauge, was performed. Results:Four studies met the inclusion criteria for the diagnostic accuracy arm (639 patients), and nine met the inclusion criteria for the complication rate arm (741 patients). The meta-analysis showed a pooled sensitivity of 87.0% (95% confi dence interval [CI]: 80.7%, 91.4%) and specifi city of 96.4% (95% CI: 81.4%, 99.4%). The pooled major complication rate was 2.2% (95% CI: 0.8%, 5.6%). Sensitivity analysis with the removal of biopsies performed with needles larger than 18 gauge showed a major complication rate of 1.3% (95% CI: 0.6%, 2.5%). The most commonly encountered complications were hemorrhage followed by pain. Conclusion:Image-guided percutaneous biopsy of the spleen demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy and a major complication rate, for needles 18 gauge or smaller, that is similar to that reported for the liver and kidney. This technique should be considered a favorable alternative to splenectomy.q RSNA, 2011

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OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to use meta-analysis to establish which of the information available to the resident selection committee is associated with resident or doctor performance.METHODS Multiple electronic databases were searched to 4 September 2012. Two reviewers independently selected studies that met the present inclusion criteria and extracted data in duplicate; disagreement was resolved by consensus. Risk for bias was assessed using a customised bias assessment tool. Measures of association were converted to a common effect size (Hedges' g). Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model for each selection strategy and all outcomes without pooling. Sensitivity analysis for each selection strategy-outcome pair was performed with pooling of effect size.RESULTS Eighty studies involving a total of 41 704 participants were included in the metaanalysis. Seventeen different selection strategies and 17 outcomes were assessed across these studies. The strongest positive associations referred to examination-based selection strategies, such as the US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1, and examination-based outcomes, such as scores on intraining examinations. Moderate positive associations were present for medical school marks and both examination-based and subjective outcomes. Minimal or no associations were seen for the selection tools represented by interviews, reference letters and deans' letters.CONCLUSIONS Standardised examination performance and medical school grades show the strongest associations with current measures of doctor performance. Deans' letters, reference letters and interviews all show a lower than expected strength of association given the relative value often assigned to them during resident doctor selection. Objective selection strategies are potentially the most useful to residency selection committees based on current evaluative methods. However, reports in the literature of validated long-term doctor performance outcomes are scant.

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