Although uncommonly encountered, knee dislocation is frequently associated with major vascular injury. Serious injuries resulting in ischemia demand prompt recognition and efficient management to prevent devastating long-term sequelae. In this review, we detail mechanisms of knee dislocation and associated popliteal vascular injuries. Diagnostic modalities used to evaluate the extent of vascular injury are individually discussed. Appropriate initial management of vascular injuries is crucial and an algorithm for diagnosis and management will be reviewed. We elaborate on the salient points of vascular reconstruction in the context of the dislocated knee: surgical approach, conduct of the procedure, and adjunctive maneuvers are described.
Delayed duplex ultrasound assessment after ETA of the GSV comes with associated health care costs but does yield a significant number of patients with progression to EHIT. Better understanding of the timing, risk factors, and significance of EHIT is needed to cost-effectively care for patients after ETA for varicose veins.
diagnosed with a 2.1-cm saccular, juxtahilar SAA. Owing to the absence of proper distal sealing zone, terminal embolization according to the sandwich technique was performed, with coil embolization of the sac, proximal and distal native artery. Total exclusion was obtained, with no splenic infarctions reported.Conclusions: Proper selection of endovascular techniques according to the baseline encountered anatomy allow for an effective, successful and lasting treatment for most splenic artery aneurysms.
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